Plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in GAC (Momordica cochinchinensis)

Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis) has garnered substantial interest due to its potential as a rich source of lycopene and β-carotene, prompting higher demand for large-scale production. However, the development of its female flowers is hindered by the dioecious nature of the gac plant, demanding...

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Main Authors: Hamidon, Azimah, Mohd Shah, Ramisah, Mohd Razali, Razifah, Lob, Suhaizan, Abdul Aziz, Fatma Azwani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universiti Putra Malaysia 2025
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120939/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120939/1/120939.pdf
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author Hamidon, Azimah
Mohd Shah, Ramisah
Mohd Razali, Razifah
Lob, Suhaizan
Abdul Aziz, Fatma Azwani
author_facet Hamidon, Azimah
Mohd Shah, Ramisah
Mohd Razali, Razifah
Lob, Suhaizan
Abdul Aziz, Fatma Azwani
author_sort Hamidon, Azimah
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis) has garnered substantial interest due to its potential as a rich source of lycopene and β-carotene, prompting higher demand for large-scale production. However, the development of its female flowers is hindered by the dioecious nature of the gac plant, demanding manual pollination to enhance fruit yield. In addition, the female flower of the gac plant starts late, depending on environmental variables such as temperature, moisture, and photoperiod. Accelerating flowering onset and augmenting pollination could substantially amplify gac fruit production, provided a comprehensive comprehension of exogenous plant growth regulators is attained. Accordingly, the current study investigates the role of plant growth regulators at various concentrations in developing female flowers and fruit production in gac plants. A field planting experiment was conducted using a five-replication factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD). The combination treatments comprised two factors of interest, which were four different types of plant growth regulators (indole-3acetic acid [IAA], gibberellic acid [GA], benzyl adenine [BA], and maleic hydrazide [MH]) at four different concentration rates (0, 40, 80, and 120 ppm). Notably, Gac plants treated with MH at concentrations of 40 and 80 ppm exhibited significant performance in node and pistillate count, ovary diameter, early onset of first flower anthesis, and fruit yield. These findings underscore the potential of MH as a potent growth regulator for enhancing gac fruit production. Nonetheless, more research on agronomic practices, control environment modifications, and postharvest handling is required for the profitable production of the gac fruit.
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spelling upm-1209392025-10-16T03:57:40Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120939/ Plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in GAC (Momordica cochinchinensis) Hamidon, Azimah Mohd Shah, Ramisah Mohd Razali, Razifah Lob, Suhaizan Abdul Aziz, Fatma Azwani Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis) has garnered substantial interest due to its potential as a rich source of lycopene and β-carotene, prompting higher demand for large-scale production. However, the development of its female flowers is hindered by the dioecious nature of the gac plant, demanding manual pollination to enhance fruit yield. In addition, the female flower of the gac plant starts late, depending on environmental variables such as temperature, moisture, and photoperiod. Accelerating flowering onset and augmenting pollination could substantially amplify gac fruit production, provided a comprehensive comprehension of exogenous plant growth regulators is attained. Accordingly, the current study investigates the role of plant growth regulators at various concentrations in developing female flowers and fruit production in gac plants. A field planting experiment was conducted using a five-replication factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD). The combination treatments comprised two factors of interest, which were four different types of plant growth regulators (indole-3acetic acid [IAA], gibberellic acid [GA], benzyl adenine [BA], and maleic hydrazide [MH]) at four different concentration rates (0, 40, 80, and 120 ppm). Notably, Gac plants treated with MH at concentrations of 40 and 80 ppm exhibited significant performance in node and pistillate count, ovary diameter, early onset of first flower anthesis, and fruit yield. These findings underscore the potential of MH as a potent growth regulator for enhancing gac fruit production. Nonetheless, more research on agronomic practices, control environment modifications, and postharvest handling is required for the profitable production of the gac fruit. Universiti Putra Malaysia 2025 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_nc_nd_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120939/1/120939.pdf Hamidon, Azimah and Mohd Shah, Ramisah and Mohd Razali, Razifah and Lob, Suhaizan and Abdul Aziz, Fatma Azwani (2025) Plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in GAC (Momordica cochinchinensis). Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 48 (2). pp. 339-357. ISSN 1511-3701; eISSN: 2231-8542 http://pertanika2.upm.edu.my/pjtas/browse/regular-issue?article=JTAS-3097-2024 10.47836/pjtas.48.2.01
spellingShingle Hamidon, Azimah
Mohd Shah, Ramisah
Mohd Razali, Razifah
Lob, Suhaizan
Abdul Aziz, Fatma Azwani
Plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in GAC (Momordica cochinchinensis)
title Plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in GAC (Momordica cochinchinensis)
title_full Plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in GAC (Momordica cochinchinensis)
title_fullStr Plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in GAC (Momordica cochinchinensis)
title_full_unstemmed Plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in GAC (Momordica cochinchinensis)
title_short Plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in GAC (Momordica cochinchinensis)
title_sort plant growth regulators application to enhance flowering and fruit production in gac (momordica cochinchinensis)
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120939/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120939/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120939/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120939/1/120939.pdf