Homogenizer-intensified room temperature emollient ester isoamyl oleate production
The present study reports a successful experiment to produce emollient ester isoamyl oleate (IAO) in room temperature conditions. The process was conducted under mild conditions without external heating. A factorial design was applied to study the effects of molar ratio, catalyst concentration, and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier B.V.
2025
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120917/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120917/1/120917.pdf |
| Summary: | The present study reports a successful experiment to produce emollient ester isoamyl oleate (IAO) in room temperature conditions. The process was conducted under mild conditions without external heating. A factorial design was applied to study the effects of molar ratio, catalyst concentration, and rotational speed over different reaction times. The highest IAO conversion (99.3 %) was achieved within just 5 min at room temperature using a 1: 3 M ratio, 0.1 M catalyst concentration, and 4000 rpm rotational speed. The reaction was completed rapidly due to enhanced mass transfer and mixing. Compared to conventional reflux and microwave-assisted methods, the homogenizer-assisted process reduced energy consumption by up to 93 % and reaction time by over 90 %. This approach demonstrates a promising green alternative for ester production with significant energy and time savings. |
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