Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in Central Peninsular Malaysia
Background: Epidemiological study of pets in Malaysia as reservoirs for antimicrobial resistant bacteria is unknown. Objectives: This study aims to determine the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from rectal swabs pet cats and dogs in the central region of Peninsular...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc
2025
|
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120695/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120695/1/120695.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848868219263123456 |
|---|---|
| author | Dzulkifli, Khaleeda Azalea Hassan, Latiffah Zakaria, Zunita Megat Abdul Rani, Puteri Azaziah Ahmad, Nur Indah |
| author_facet | Dzulkifli, Khaleeda Azalea Hassan, Latiffah Zakaria, Zunita Megat Abdul Rani, Puteri Azaziah Ahmad, Nur Indah |
| author_sort | Dzulkifli, Khaleeda Azalea |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background: Epidemiological study of pets in Malaysia as reservoirs for antimicrobial resistant bacteria is unknown. Objectives: This study aims to determine the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from rectal swabs pet cats and dogs in the central region of Peninsular Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on physically healthy pet cats and dogs was conducted in the Klang Valley between 2019 and 2020. Rectal swabs were collected for ESBL-producing E. coli identification and detection. A questionnaire was used to collect pet data, and univariable and multivariable analysis was conducted to determine risk factors ESBL-producing E. coli detection. Results: A total of 160 rectal swabs were collected from physically healthy pets in the Klang Valley, with 6.8% (n = 11) dogs and 3.8% (n = 6) cats were positive for ESBL-producing E. coli (10.6%). The highest resistance demonstrated by the ESBL isolates was towards ampicillin, cephalexin and cefotaxime (100%). Multiple-drug resistance of the ESBL-isolates was high, with 91.7% (n = 22) and 68.8% (n = 11) in dogs and cats. The most predominant ESBL genes was blaCTX-M (43.2%). None of these isolates carried blaSHV. Dogs were four times more likely to carry ESBL-producing E. coli in their faeces compared to cats. ESBL-producing E. coli carriage was positively associated in dogs, among pets sharing feeding area or pets with a history of gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion: ESBL-producing E. coli in cats and dogs in Malaysia was determined at 10.6%, with dogs at a greater risk of carrying the bacteria. Co-resistance to more than three types of tested antibiotics for the ESBL-producing E. coli isolated was high. Pets act as reservoirs for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and resistance genes that can be shared with human through interactions. Antimicrobial stewardship remains critical to safeguard not only antibiotics but also the health of pets and humans. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:48:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-120695 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:48:55Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1206952025-10-08T07:13:07Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120695/ Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in Central Peninsular Malaysia Dzulkifli, Khaleeda Azalea Hassan, Latiffah Zakaria, Zunita Megat Abdul Rani, Puteri Azaziah Ahmad, Nur Indah Background: Epidemiological study of pets in Malaysia as reservoirs for antimicrobial resistant bacteria is unknown. Objectives: This study aims to determine the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from rectal swabs pet cats and dogs in the central region of Peninsular Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on physically healthy pet cats and dogs was conducted in the Klang Valley between 2019 and 2020. Rectal swabs were collected for ESBL-producing E. coli identification and detection. A questionnaire was used to collect pet data, and univariable and multivariable analysis was conducted to determine risk factors ESBL-producing E. coli detection. Results: A total of 160 rectal swabs were collected from physically healthy pets in the Klang Valley, with 6.8% (n = 11) dogs and 3.8% (n = 6) cats were positive for ESBL-producing E. coli (10.6%). The highest resistance demonstrated by the ESBL isolates was towards ampicillin, cephalexin and cefotaxime (100%). Multiple-drug resistance of the ESBL-isolates was high, with 91.7% (n = 22) and 68.8% (n = 11) in dogs and cats. The most predominant ESBL genes was blaCTX-M (43.2%). None of these isolates carried blaSHV. Dogs were four times more likely to carry ESBL-producing E. coli in their faeces compared to cats. ESBL-producing E. coli carriage was positively associated in dogs, among pets sharing feeding area or pets with a history of gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion: ESBL-producing E. coli in cats and dogs in Malaysia was determined at 10.6%, with dogs at a greater risk of carrying the bacteria. Co-resistance to more than three types of tested antibiotics for the ESBL-producing E. coli isolated was high. Pets act as reservoirs for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and resistance genes that can be shared with human through interactions. Antimicrobial stewardship remains critical to safeguard not only antibiotics but also the health of pets and humans. John Wiley and Sons Inc 2025 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120695/1/120695.pdf Dzulkifli, Khaleeda Azalea and Hassan, Latiffah and Zakaria, Zunita and Megat Abdul Rani, Puteri Azaziah and Ahmad, Nur Indah (2025) Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in Central Peninsular Malaysia. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 11 (4). art. no. e70452. pp. 1-13. ISSN 2053-1095 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/vms3.70452 10.1002/vms3.70452 |
| spellingShingle | Dzulkifli, Khaleeda Azalea Hassan, Latiffah Zakaria, Zunita Megat Abdul Rani, Puteri Azaziah Ahmad, Nur Indah Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in Central Peninsular Malaysia |
| title | Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in Central Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_full | Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in Central Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in Central Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in Central Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_short | Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in Central Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_sort | extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing escherichia coli in pet cats and dogs in central peninsular malaysia |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120695/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120695/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120695/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120695/1/120695.pdf |