Effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens

This study investigated the impact of heat stress (HS) on growth performance, carcass traits, telomere length (TL), and gene expression profiles in three chicken breeds with varying growth rates: slow-growing (SAGA), medium-growing (Sasso), and fast-growing (Cobb 500). Three hundred 14-day-old male...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Musa, Aliyu Abduljalal, Mamat-Hamidi, Kamalludin, Idrus, Zulkifli, Chung, Eric Lim Teik, Samat, Noraini, Abu Kassim, Nafeesa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Inc. 2025
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120584/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120584/1/120584.pdf
_version_ 1848868205349568512
author Musa, Aliyu Abduljalal
Mamat-Hamidi, Kamalludin
Idrus, Zulkifli
Chung, Eric Lim Teik
Samat, Noraini
Abu Kassim, Nafeesa
author_facet Musa, Aliyu Abduljalal
Mamat-Hamidi, Kamalludin
Idrus, Zulkifli
Chung, Eric Lim Teik
Samat, Noraini
Abu Kassim, Nafeesa
author_sort Musa, Aliyu Abduljalal
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description This study investigated the impact of heat stress (HS) on growth performance, carcass traits, telomere length (TL), and gene expression profiles in three chicken breeds with varying growth rates: slow-growing (SAGA), medium-growing (Sasso), and fast-growing (Cobb 500). Three hundred 14-day-old male chicks were exposed to either control (25°C) or HS (34°C for 6 hours/day) conditions for four weeks in a controlled environment. Weekly growth metrics, TL at two and four weeks, Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) expression in muscle and liver at two and four weeks of HS exposure, and carcass/organ yields at four weeks were analyzed. Cobb 500 chickens exhibited significant growth reductions under HS, while SAGA showed resilience. Notably, SAGA chickens exhibited a significant increase in intestinal organ mass under HS, which may indicate an adaptive response to thermal stress. HS exposure significantly shortened TL across all breeds, suggesting its utility as a universal biomarker for HS in chickens. All breeds upregulated HSP70 expression, with the Cobb 500 showing the most prominent increase. Similarly, IGF-1 was expressed (upregulated), particularly in 500 broilers at both time-points, highlighting breed-specific differences in growth performance. These results demonstrate breed-specific physiological adaptations to HS. TL and stress-related gene expression are crucial indicators of heat susceptibility and adaptation. The study provides insights into developing breed-specific management and breeding strategies to enhance poultry resilience to increasing global temperatures.
first_indexed 2025-11-15T14:48:41Z
format Article
id upm-120584
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-15T14:48:41Z
publishDate 2025
publisher Elsevier Inc.
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling upm-1205842025-10-06T07:06:55Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120584/ Effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens Musa, Aliyu Abduljalal Mamat-Hamidi, Kamalludin Idrus, Zulkifli Chung, Eric Lim Teik Samat, Noraini Abu Kassim, Nafeesa This study investigated the impact of heat stress (HS) on growth performance, carcass traits, telomere length (TL), and gene expression profiles in three chicken breeds with varying growth rates: slow-growing (SAGA), medium-growing (Sasso), and fast-growing (Cobb 500). Three hundred 14-day-old male chicks were exposed to either control (25°C) or HS (34°C for 6 hours/day) conditions for four weeks in a controlled environment. Weekly growth metrics, TL at two and four weeks, Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) expression in muscle and liver at two and four weeks of HS exposure, and carcass/organ yields at four weeks were analyzed. Cobb 500 chickens exhibited significant growth reductions under HS, while SAGA showed resilience. Notably, SAGA chickens exhibited a significant increase in intestinal organ mass under HS, which may indicate an adaptive response to thermal stress. HS exposure significantly shortened TL across all breeds, suggesting its utility as a universal biomarker for HS in chickens. All breeds upregulated HSP70 expression, with the Cobb 500 showing the most prominent increase. Similarly, IGF-1 was expressed (upregulated), particularly in 500 broilers at both time-points, highlighting breed-specific differences in growth performance. These results demonstrate breed-specific physiological adaptations to HS. TL and stress-related gene expression are crucial indicators of heat susceptibility and adaptation. The study provides insights into developing breed-specific management and breeding strategies to enhance poultry resilience to increasing global temperatures. Elsevier Inc. 2025-08-15 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_nc_nd_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120584/1/120584.pdf Musa, Aliyu Abduljalal and Mamat-Hamidi, Kamalludin and Idrus, Zulkifli and Chung, Eric Lim Teik and Samat, Noraini and Abu Kassim, Nafeesa (2025) Effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens. Poultry Science, 104 (11). art. no. 105698. pp. 1-12. ISSN 0032-5791; eISSN: 1525-3171 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S003257912500940X 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105698
spellingShingle Musa, Aliyu Abduljalal
Mamat-Hamidi, Kamalludin
Idrus, Zulkifli
Chung, Eric Lim Teik
Samat, Noraini
Abu Kassim, Nafeesa
Effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens
title Effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens
title_full Effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens
title_fullStr Effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens
title_full_unstemmed Effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens
title_short Effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens
title_sort effects of heat stress on growth metrics, carcass characteristics, telomere length, and gene expression in chickens
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120584/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120584/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120584/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120584/1/120584.pdf