Sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for EDLCs
A free-standing, flexible and biodegradable biopolymer electrolyte (BPE) derived from a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-chitosan (CS) blend immobilizing sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6) salt was fabricated via solution casting method. The effect of salt concentration on the structural, electrical, and e...
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Royal Society of Chemistry
2025
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120490/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120490/1/120490.pdf |
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| author | Cyriac, Vipin Ismayil Mishra, Kuldeep Rao, Ankitha Khellouf, Riyadh Abdekadir Masti, Saraswati P. Noor, I. M. |
| author_facet | Cyriac, Vipin Ismayil Mishra, Kuldeep Rao, Ankitha Khellouf, Riyadh Abdekadir Masti, Saraswati P. Noor, I. M. |
| author_sort | Cyriac, Vipin |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | A free-standing, flexible and biodegradable biopolymer electrolyte (BPE) derived from a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-chitosan (CS) blend immobilizing sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6) salt was fabricated via solution casting method. The effect of salt concentration on the structural, electrical, and electrochemical properties of the electrolyte was systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to ascertain the microstructural changes in the polymer matrix including the complexation of PVA, CS, and NaPF6. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements revealed that the BPE containing 40 wt% NaPF6 exhibited the highest conductivity (6.94 ± 0.04) × 10−5 S cm−1, which was three-order enhancement over the pristine system. The ion transport behaviour, interpreted through the Schütt and Gerdes (S-G) model, revealed that the ionic conductivity of the SPE system is strongly influenced by both the concentration of charge carriers and their mobility. The electrolyte displayed a predominant ionic nature with an electrochemical stability window of ∼3.25 V. When incorporated into an Na-ion EDLC, the optimized electrolyte sample provided a specific capacitance of 42.65 F g−1, energy density of 5.4 W h kg−1, and power density of 95 W kg−1, as determined by galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) tests performed at 0.05 mA g−1 |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:48:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-120490 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:48:31Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1204902025-10-02T08:10:17Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120490/ Sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for EDLCs Cyriac, Vipin Ismayil Mishra, Kuldeep Rao, Ankitha Khellouf, Riyadh Abdekadir Masti, Saraswati P. Noor, I. M. A free-standing, flexible and biodegradable biopolymer electrolyte (BPE) derived from a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-chitosan (CS) blend immobilizing sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6) salt was fabricated via solution casting method. The effect of salt concentration on the structural, electrical, and electrochemical properties of the electrolyte was systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to ascertain the microstructural changes in the polymer matrix including the complexation of PVA, CS, and NaPF6. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements revealed that the BPE containing 40 wt% NaPF6 exhibited the highest conductivity (6.94 ± 0.04) × 10−5 S cm−1, which was three-order enhancement over the pristine system. The ion transport behaviour, interpreted through the Schütt and Gerdes (S-G) model, revealed that the ionic conductivity of the SPE system is strongly influenced by both the concentration of charge carriers and their mobility. The electrolyte displayed a predominant ionic nature with an electrochemical stability window of ∼3.25 V. When incorporated into an Na-ion EDLC, the optimized electrolyte sample provided a specific capacitance of 42.65 F g−1, energy density of 5.4 W h kg−1, and power density of 95 W kg−1, as determined by galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) tests performed at 0.05 mA g−1 Royal Society of Chemistry 2025 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120490/1/120490.pdf Cyriac, Vipin and Ismayil and Mishra, Kuldeep and Rao, Ankitha and Khellouf, Riyadh Abdekadir and Masti, Saraswati P. and Noor, I. M. (2025) Sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for EDLCs. RSC Advances, 15 (30). pp. 24350-24366. ISSN 2046-2069 https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2025/ra/d5ra02897c 10.1039/d5ra02897c |
| spellingShingle | Cyriac, Vipin Ismayil Mishra, Kuldeep Rao, Ankitha Khellouf, Riyadh Abdekadir Masti, Saraswati P. Noor, I. M. Sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for EDLCs |
| title | Sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for EDLCs |
| title_full | Sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for EDLCs |
| title_fullStr | Sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for EDLCs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for EDLCs |
| title_short | Sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for EDLCs |
| title_sort | sodium hexafluorophosphate mediated enhancement of electrical and electrochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan solid polymer electrolytes for edlcs |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120490/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120490/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120490/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120490/1/120490.pdf |