A review of MAX series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions

MAX series materials, as non-van der Waals layered multi-element compounds, contribute remarkable regulated properties and functional dimension, combining the features of metal and ceramic materials due to their inherently laminated crystal structure that Mn+1Xn slabs are intercalated with A element...

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Main Authors: Zhang, Jian, Jia, Ru, Tan, Kar Ban, Li, Jiaming, Xu, Shichong, Ying, Guobing, Han, Wenjuan, Lu, Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Science and Business Media B.V. 2025
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120021/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120021/1/120021.pdf
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author Zhang, Jian
Jia, Ru
Tan, Kar Ban
Li, Jiaming
Xu, Shichong
Ying, Guobing
Han, Wenjuan
Lu, Ming
author_facet Zhang, Jian
Jia, Ru
Tan, Kar Ban
Li, Jiaming
Xu, Shichong
Ying, Guobing
Han, Wenjuan
Lu, Ming
author_sort Zhang, Jian
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description MAX series materials, as non-van der Waals layered multi-element compounds, contribute remarkable regulated properties and functional dimension, combining the features of metal and ceramic materials due to their inherently laminated crystal structure that Mn+1Xn slabs are intercalated with A element layers. Oriented to the functional requirements of information, intelligence, electrification, and aerospace in the new era, how to accelerate MAX series materials into new quality productive forces? The systematic enhancement of knowledge about MAX series materials is intrinsic to understanding its low-dimensional geometric structure characteristics, and physical and chemical properties, revealing the correlation of composition, structure, and function and further realizing rational design based on simulation and prediction. Diversity also brings complexity to MAX materials research. This review provides substantial tabular information on (I) MAX’s research timeline from 1960 to the present, (II) structure diversity and classification convention, (III) synthesis route exploration, (IV) prediction based on theory and machine learning, (V) properties, and (VI) functional applications. Herein, the researchers can quickly locate research content and recognize connections and differences of MAX series materials. In addition, the research challenges for the future development of MAX series materials are highlighted. (Figure presented.)
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spelling upm-1200212025-09-22T07:18:01Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120021/ A review of MAX series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions Zhang, Jian Jia, Ru Tan, Kar Ban Li, Jiaming Xu, Shichong Ying, Guobing Han, Wenjuan Lu, Ming MAX series materials, as non-van der Waals layered multi-element compounds, contribute remarkable regulated properties and functional dimension, combining the features of metal and ceramic materials due to their inherently laminated crystal structure that Mn+1Xn slabs are intercalated with A element layers. Oriented to the functional requirements of information, intelligence, electrification, and aerospace in the new era, how to accelerate MAX series materials into new quality productive forces? The systematic enhancement of knowledge about MAX series materials is intrinsic to understanding its low-dimensional geometric structure characteristics, and physical and chemical properties, revealing the correlation of composition, structure, and function and further realizing rational design based on simulation and prediction. Diversity also brings complexity to MAX materials research. This review provides substantial tabular information on (I) MAX’s research timeline from 1960 to the present, (II) structure diversity and classification convention, (III) synthesis route exploration, (IV) prediction based on theory and machine learning, (V) properties, and (VI) functional applications. Herein, the researchers can quickly locate research content and recognize connections and differences of MAX series materials. In addition, the research challenges for the future development of MAX series materials are highlighted. (Figure presented.) Springer Science and Business Media B.V. 2025-03-03 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120021/1/120021.pdf Zhang, Jian and Jia, Ru and Tan, Kar Ban and Li, Jiaming and Xu, Shichong and Ying, Guobing and Han, Wenjuan and Lu, Ming (2025) A review of MAX series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions. Nano-Micro Letters, 17 (1). art. no. 173. pp. 1-42. ISSN 2311-6706; eISSN: 2150-5551 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40820-025-01673-9?error=cookies_not_supported&code=46e7edbf-2608-42c0-8250-947310e4c069 10.1007/s40820-025-01673-9
spellingShingle Zhang, Jian
Jia, Ru
Tan, Kar Ban
Li, Jiaming
Xu, Shichong
Ying, Guobing
Han, Wenjuan
Lu, Ming
A review of MAX series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions
title A review of MAX series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions
title_full A review of MAX series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions
title_fullStr A review of MAX series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions
title_full_unstemmed A review of MAX series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions
title_short A review of MAX series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions
title_sort review of max series materials: from diversity, synthesis, prediction, properties oriented to functions
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120021/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120021/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120021/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/120021/1/120021.pdf