Mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea
Urea is the most widely used nitrogen (N) fertilizer as it has a high N content (46%), is inexpensive, easily available, and can be conveniently stored. However, the high water-solubility and rapid hydrolysis of urea in the soil leads to much N loss. Rejected sago starch (RSS) was used to coat urea...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Malaysian Society of Soil Science
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119501/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119501/1/119501.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848867985086742528 |
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| author | Omar, Latifah Binti Primus, Walter Charles Kasim, Susilawati Binti Kavitha, Rajan Ahmed, Osumanu Haruna |
| author_facet | Omar, Latifah Binti Primus, Walter Charles Kasim, Susilawati Binti Kavitha, Rajan Ahmed, Osumanu Haruna |
| author_sort | Omar, Latifah Binti |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Urea is the most widely used nitrogen (N) fertilizer as it has a high N content (46%), is inexpensive, easily available, and can be conveniently stored. However, the high water-solubility and rapid hydrolysis of urea in the soil leads to much N loss. Rejected sago starch (RSS) was used to coat urea to prevent rapid release of N. A soil leaching experiment was conducted over 30 days to determine the effectiveness of RSS-coated urea in retaining soil N availability in the form of exchangeable NH4 + and available NO3 - compared with uncoated urea. The soil used in the leaching experiment was Bekenu Series (Sandy loam, Typic Paleudults). This study compared seven different treatments: soil alone (S), 5 g of uncoated urea (U), 5 g of 2% RSS-coated urea (CU1), 5 g of 3% RSS-coated urea (CU2), 5 g of 4% RSS-coated urea (CU3), 5 g of 5% RSS-coated urea (CU4), and 5 g of 6% RSS-coated urea (CU5). The RSS-coated urea (CU1, CU2, CU3, and CU4) significantly reduced N leaching due to the coating on the urea that serves as a barrier which slows down the conversion of N into NH4 + and NO3 −. Gradual released of N helps in retaining more soil exchangeable NH4 + in all RSS-coated urea than uncoated urea. Optimize use of RSS-coated urea in CU1 (2% of RSS) did not only mitigates NO3 - leaching, but it is also increasing soil TOM, TOC, total N, soil exchangeable NH4 +, and available NO3 - although all the RSS-coated urea has minimal effects on soil pH. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:45:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-119501 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:45:11Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Malaysian Society of Soil Science |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1195012025-08-26T09:08:36Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119501/ Mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea Omar, Latifah Binti Primus, Walter Charles Kasim, Susilawati Binti Kavitha, Rajan Ahmed, Osumanu Haruna Urea is the most widely used nitrogen (N) fertilizer as it has a high N content (46%), is inexpensive, easily available, and can be conveniently stored. However, the high water-solubility and rapid hydrolysis of urea in the soil leads to much N loss. Rejected sago starch (RSS) was used to coat urea to prevent rapid release of N. A soil leaching experiment was conducted over 30 days to determine the effectiveness of RSS-coated urea in retaining soil N availability in the form of exchangeable NH4 + and available NO3 - compared with uncoated urea. The soil used in the leaching experiment was Bekenu Series (Sandy loam, Typic Paleudults). This study compared seven different treatments: soil alone (S), 5 g of uncoated urea (U), 5 g of 2% RSS-coated urea (CU1), 5 g of 3% RSS-coated urea (CU2), 5 g of 4% RSS-coated urea (CU3), 5 g of 5% RSS-coated urea (CU4), and 5 g of 6% RSS-coated urea (CU5). The RSS-coated urea (CU1, CU2, CU3, and CU4) significantly reduced N leaching due to the coating on the urea that serves as a barrier which slows down the conversion of N into NH4 + and NO3 −. Gradual released of N helps in retaining more soil exchangeable NH4 + in all RSS-coated urea than uncoated urea. Optimize use of RSS-coated urea in CU1 (2% of RSS) did not only mitigates NO3 - leaching, but it is also increasing soil TOM, TOC, total N, soil exchangeable NH4 +, and available NO3 - although all the RSS-coated urea has minimal effects on soil pH. Malaysian Society of Soil Science 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119501/1/119501.pdf Omar, Latifah Binti and Primus, Walter Charles and Kasim, Susilawati Binti and Kavitha, Rajan and Ahmed, Osumanu Haruna (2024) Mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea. Malaysian Journal of Soil Science, 28. pp. 117-133. ISSN 1394-7990 https://www.msss.com.my/mjss/Full%20Text/vol28/V28_10.pdf |
| spellingShingle | Omar, Latifah Binti Primus, Walter Charles Kasim, Susilawati Binti Kavitha, Rajan Ahmed, Osumanu Haruna Mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea |
| title | Mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea |
| title_full | Mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea |
| title_fullStr | Mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea |
| title_short | Mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea |
| title_sort | mitigating rapid release of nitrate from rejected sago starch-coated urea and uncoated urea |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119501/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119501/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119501/1/119501.pdf |