Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol
The electrogeneration of SnO using an environmentally friendly approach was assessed by utilizing three different electrolytes: N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), plant extract (PE), and a combination of PE with a deep eutectic solvent (PE-DES). The catalysts were characterized through FTIR, XRD, BET surf...
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John Wiley and Sons Inc
2025
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119259/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119259/1/119259.pdf |
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| author | Torlaema, T. A.M. Jaafar, Nur Farhana Mutalib, A. A.A. Lahuri, A. H. |
| author_facet | Torlaema, T. A.M. Jaafar, Nur Farhana Mutalib, A. A.A. Lahuri, A. H. |
| author_sort | Torlaema, T. A.M. |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The electrogeneration of SnO using an environmentally friendly approach was assessed by utilizing three different electrolytes: N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), plant extract (PE), and a combination of PE with a deep eutectic solvent (PE-DES). The catalysts were characterized through FTIR, XRD, BET surface area analysis, and UV–Vis DRS to determine their structural and optical properties. The photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) was then evaluated for each catalyst under visible light exposure. At pH 3, SnO-PE-DES exhibited the highest degradation rate of 99.22%, making it the most efficient catalyst. SnO-DMF showed a degradation efficiency of 93.81%, while commercial SnO achieved 86.60%. The degradation efficiency of SnO-PE alone was only 23.46%, but incorporating DES significantly improved its performance. This enhancement is attributed to DES's ability to promote a more organized SnO structure, increasing the surface area and improving interactions with 2,4-DCP molecules. Due to its environmentally friendly synthesis and outstanding photocatalytic activity, SnO-PE-DES was selected for further optimization studies. This catalyst demonstrates great potential for photocatalytic applications in wastewater treatment. Its impressive performance under visible light, coupled with its eco-friendly synthesis, makes it a promising candidate for large-scale environmental remediation projects powered by solar energy. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:44:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-119259 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:44:08Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1192592025-08-14T08:02:34Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119259/ Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol Torlaema, T. A.M. Jaafar, Nur Farhana Mutalib, A. A.A. Lahuri, A. H. The electrogeneration of SnO using an environmentally friendly approach was assessed by utilizing three different electrolytes: N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), plant extract (PE), and a combination of PE with a deep eutectic solvent (PE-DES). The catalysts were characterized through FTIR, XRD, BET surface area analysis, and UV–Vis DRS to determine their structural and optical properties. The photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) was then evaluated for each catalyst under visible light exposure. At pH 3, SnO-PE-DES exhibited the highest degradation rate of 99.22%, making it the most efficient catalyst. SnO-DMF showed a degradation efficiency of 93.81%, while commercial SnO achieved 86.60%. The degradation efficiency of SnO-PE alone was only 23.46%, but incorporating DES significantly improved its performance. This enhancement is attributed to DES's ability to promote a more organized SnO structure, increasing the surface area and improving interactions with 2,4-DCP molecules. Due to its environmentally friendly synthesis and outstanding photocatalytic activity, SnO-PE-DES was selected for further optimization studies. This catalyst demonstrates great potential for photocatalytic applications in wastewater treatment. Its impressive performance under visible light, coupled with its eco-friendly synthesis, makes it a promising candidate for large-scale environmental remediation projects powered by solar energy. John Wiley and Sons Inc 2025 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119259/1/119259.pdf Torlaema, T. A.M. and Jaafar, Nur Farhana and Mutalib, A. A.A. and Lahuri, A. H. (2025) Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol. Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 72 (5). pp. 498-512. ISSN 0009-4536; eISSN: 2192-6549 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jccs.70014 Chemistry 10.1002/jccs.70014 |
| spellingShingle | Chemistry Torlaema, T. A.M. Jaafar, Nur Farhana Mutalib, A. A.A. Lahuri, A. H. Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol |
| title | Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol |
| title_full | Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol |
| title_fullStr | Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol |
| title_short | Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol |
| title_sort | green electrosynthesis strategies of sno catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol |
| topic | Chemistry |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119259/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119259/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119259/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119259/1/119259.pdf |