Anti-metastasis Effects and Mechanism of Action of Curcumin Analog (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on the SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Curcumin has been reported to have suppressive effects in CRC and to address the physiological limitations of curcumin, a chemically synthesized curcuminoid analog, known as (2E,6E)-2,6-Bis (2,3-Dimethoxy benzy...
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| Format: | Article |
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Bentham Science Publishers
2025
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119033/ |
| _version_ | 1848867854354481152 |
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| author | Che Rahim, Nurul Fattin Hussin, Yazmin Mubin Aziz, Muhammad Nazirul Masarudin, Mas Jaffri Abd Ghani, Shafinaz Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu |
| author_facet | Che Rahim, Nurul Fattin Hussin, Yazmin Mubin Aziz, Muhammad Nazirul Masarudin, Mas Jaffri Abd Ghani, Shafinaz Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu |
| author_sort | Che Rahim, Nurul Fattin |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Curcumin has been reported to have suppressive effects in CRC and to address the physiological limitations of curcumin, a chemically synthesized curcuminoid analog, known as (2E,6E)-2,6-Bis (2,3-Dimethoxy benzylidine) cyclohexanone (DMCH), was developed and the anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic properties of DMCH in colorectal cell line, SW620 were examined. Methods: The anti-metastatic effects of DMCH were examined in the SW620 cell line by scratch assay, migration, and invasion assay, while for anti-angiogenesis properties of the cells, the mouse aortic ring assay and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) assay were conducted. The mechanism of action was determined by microarray-based gene expression and protein analyses. Results: The wound healing assay demonstrated that wound closure was decreased from 63.63 ± 1.44% at IC25 treatment to 4.54 ± 0.62% at IC50 treatment. Significant (p < 0.05) reductions in the percentage of migrated and invaded cells were also observed in SW620, with values of 36.39 ± 3.86% and 44.81 ± 3.54%, respectively. Mouse aortic ring assays demonstrated a significant reduction in the formation of tubes and microvessels. Microarray and protein profiler results revealed that DMCH treatment has modulated several metastases, angiogenesis-related transcripts, and proteins like Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), TIMP-1 (TIMP Metallopeptidase Inhibitor 1) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). Conclusion: DMCH could be a potential anti-cancer agent due to its capability to impede metastasis and angiogenesis activities of the SW620 colorectal cancer cell line in vitro via regulating genes and protein in metastases and angiogenesis-related signalling pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:43:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-119033 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:43:07Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Bentham Science Publishers |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1190332025-09-24T07:42:16Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119033/ Anti-metastasis Effects and Mechanism of Action of Curcumin Analog (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on the SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line Che Rahim, Nurul Fattin Hussin, Yazmin Mubin Aziz, Muhammad Nazirul Masarudin, Mas Jaffri Abd Ghani, Shafinaz Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Curcumin has been reported to have suppressive effects in CRC and to address the physiological limitations of curcumin, a chemically synthesized curcuminoid analog, known as (2E,6E)-2,6-Bis (2,3-Dimethoxy benzylidine) cyclohexanone (DMCH), was developed and the anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic properties of DMCH in colorectal cell line, SW620 were examined. Methods: The anti-metastatic effects of DMCH were examined in the SW620 cell line by scratch assay, migration, and invasion assay, while for anti-angiogenesis properties of the cells, the mouse aortic ring assay and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) assay were conducted. The mechanism of action was determined by microarray-based gene expression and protein analyses. Results: The wound healing assay demonstrated that wound closure was decreased from 63.63 ± 1.44% at IC25 treatment to 4.54 ± 0.62% at IC50 treatment. Significant (p < 0.05) reductions in the percentage of migrated and invaded cells were also observed in SW620, with values of 36.39 ± 3.86% and 44.81 ± 3.54%, respectively. Mouse aortic ring assays demonstrated a significant reduction in the formation of tubes and microvessels. Microarray and protein profiler results revealed that DMCH treatment has modulated several metastases, angiogenesis-related transcripts, and proteins like Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), TIMP-1 (TIMP Metallopeptidase Inhibitor 1) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). Conclusion: DMCH could be a potential anti-cancer agent due to its capability to impede metastasis and angiogenesis activities of the SW620 colorectal cancer cell line in vitro via regulating genes and protein in metastases and angiogenesis-related signalling pathways. Bentham Science Publishers 2025 Article NonPeerReviewed Che Rahim, Nurul Fattin and Hussin, Yazmin and Mubin Aziz, Muhammad Nazirul and Masarudin, Mas Jaffri and Abd Ghani, Shafinaz and Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem and Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan and Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu (2025) Anti-metastasis Effects and Mechanism of Action of Curcumin Analog (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on the SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line. Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 25 (11). art. no. undefined. pp. 774-784. ISSN 1871-5206; eISSN: 1875-5992 https://www.eurekaselect.com/238079/article 10.2174/0118715206336788241029050155 |
| spellingShingle | Che Rahim, Nurul Fattin Hussin, Yazmin Mubin Aziz, Muhammad Nazirul Masarudin, Mas Jaffri Abd Ghani, Shafinaz Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu Anti-metastasis Effects and Mechanism of Action of Curcumin Analog (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on the SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line |
| title | Anti-metastasis Effects and Mechanism of Action of Curcumin Analog (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on the SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line |
| title_full | Anti-metastasis Effects and Mechanism of Action of Curcumin Analog (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on the SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line |
| title_fullStr | Anti-metastasis Effects and Mechanism of Action of Curcumin Analog (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on the SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-metastasis Effects and Mechanism of Action of Curcumin Analog (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on the SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line |
| title_short | Anti-metastasis Effects and Mechanism of Action of Curcumin Analog (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on the SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line |
| title_sort | anti-metastasis effects and mechanism of action of curcumin analog (2e,6e)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidene) cyclohexanone (dmch) on the sw620 colorectal cancer cell line |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119033/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119033/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119033/ |