Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa and Cassia alata L. againsts pathogenic microorganisms
Traditional medicine makes use of several plant species, including Aegle marmelos and Cassia alata, to cure a wide range of illnesses. The introduction of novel antibioticresistant bacteria and the spread of existing ones are major problems for public health around the world. The primary reason f...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118607/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118607/1/118607.pdf |
| Summary: | Traditional medicine makes use of several plant species, including Aegle marmelos and
Cassia alata, to cure a wide range of illnesses. The introduction of novel antibioticresistant
bacteria and the spread of existing ones are major problems for public health
around the world. The primary reason for conducting this research is to determine the
efficacy of aqueous and methanol extracts of unripe fruit, A. marmelos leaves, and C.
alata leaves against various microorganisms. Cold methanol and water extraction was
used to extract the leaves and unripe fruit of A. marmelos and C. alata. Pathogenic
bacteria (Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and
yeasts (Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis) were tested for their susceptibility to
the plant extracts using disc diffusion and agar well diffusion methods. Microdilution
was used to establish the MIC and MFC, or minimal inhibitory and minimum fungicidal
concentrations, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilised to
examine the cellular modification induced by active plant extracts. The antifungal
activity of the methanol extract of the fruit leaves of A. marmelos and C. alata was much
higher than that of the water extract, which was ineffective against both C. parapsilosis
and C. krusei. In contrast, the disc diffusion method did not detect any antibacterial
activity from the methanol or aqueous extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC) for both A. marmelos leaf and C. alata unripe fruit against C. krusei and C.
parapsilosis was found to be 75 mg/ml. However, the MIC for C. parapsilosis was
reported to be 37.5 mg/ml. The MFC results for C. krusei and C. parapsilosis on A.
marmelos leaf and unripe fruit and C. alata leaf all indicated 100% mortality at a
concentration of 150 mg/ml. Fungistatic activity was demonstrated by the methanolic
extract's minimal inhibitory and minimal fungigenic concentrations, respectively. The
fungicidal and fungistatic properties of C. alata and A. marmelos leaves were
demonstrated against C. parapsilosis and C. krusei. Under a scanning electron
microscope (SEM), the effects of A. marmelos and C. alata methanol extract on C.
parapsilosis and C. krusei were seen to cause a wide range of morphologic changes, such
as wrinkles, breaks, bumps, holes in the cell wall, ruffles, and a raisin-like appearance.
Based on these findings, A. marmelos and C. alata could serve as promising novel
antifungal agent sources. |
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