Neurological sequelae of post-COVID-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-mediated cerebrovascular complications
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic affecting millions of people’s lives, which has led to ‘post-COVID-19 fatigue’. Alarmingly, severe acute respiratory syn-drome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) not only infects the lungs but also influences the heart and brain. Endothelial cel...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118569/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118569/1/118569.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848867765707866112 |
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| author | Che Mohd Nassir, Che Mohd Nasril Che Ramli, Muhammad Danial Jaffer, Usman Abdul Hamid, Hafizah Mehat, Muhammad Zulfadli Mohamad Ghazali, Mazira Kottakal Cheriya, Ebrahim Nangarath |
| author_facet | Che Mohd Nassir, Che Mohd Nasril Che Ramli, Muhammad Danial Jaffer, Usman Abdul Hamid, Hafizah Mehat, Muhammad Zulfadli Mohamad Ghazali, Mazira Kottakal Cheriya, Ebrahim Nangarath |
| author_sort | Che Mohd Nassir, Che Mohd Nasril |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic affecting millions of people’s lives, which has led to ‘post-COVID-19 fatigue’. Alarmingly, severe acute respiratory syn-drome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) not only infects the lungs but also influences the heart and brain. Endothelial cell dysfunction and hypercoagulation, which we know occur with this infection, lead to thrombo-inflammation that can manifest as many myriad cardio-cerebrovascular disorders, such as brain fog, fatigue cognitive dysfunction, etc. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with oxidative stress, protein aggregation, cytokine storm, and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, the identification of molecular targets involved in these actions could provide strategies for preventing and treating this disease. In particular, the very common enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) has recently been identified as a candidate co-receptor for the cell entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with its involvement in infection. In addition, DPPIV has been reported as a co-receptor for some viruses such as Middle East respiratory syn-drome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV). It mediates immunologic reactions and diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypertension, which have been considered the prime risk factors for stroke among other types of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Unlike angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), DPPIV has been implicated in aggravating the course of infection due to its disruptive effect on inflammatory signalling networks and the neuro–glia–vascular unit. Regarding the neurological, physiological, and molecular grounds governing post-COVID-19 fatigue, this review focuses on DPPIV as one of such reasons that progressively establishes cerebrovascular grievances following SARS-CoV infection. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:41:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-118569 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:41:42Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1185692025-09-23T07:54:19Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118569/ Neurological sequelae of post-COVID-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-mediated cerebrovascular complications Che Mohd Nassir, Che Mohd Nasril Che Ramli, Muhammad Danial Jaffer, Usman Abdul Hamid, Hafizah Mehat, Muhammad Zulfadli Mohamad Ghazali, Mazira Kottakal Cheriya, Ebrahim Nangarath Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic affecting millions of people’s lives, which has led to ‘post-COVID-19 fatigue’. Alarmingly, severe acute respiratory syn-drome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) not only infects the lungs but also influences the heart and brain. Endothelial cell dysfunction and hypercoagulation, which we know occur with this infection, lead to thrombo-inflammation that can manifest as many myriad cardio-cerebrovascular disorders, such as brain fog, fatigue cognitive dysfunction, etc. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with oxidative stress, protein aggregation, cytokine storm, and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, the identification of molecular targets involved in these actions could provide strategies for preventing and treating this disease. In particular, the very common enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) has recently been identified as a candidate co-receptor for the cell entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with its involvement in infection. In addition, DPPIV has been reported as a co-receptor for some viruses such as Middle East respiratory syn-drome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV). It mediates immunologic reactions and diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypertension, which have been considered the prime risk factors for stroke among other types of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Unlike angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), DPPIV has been implicated in aggravating the course of infection due to its disruptive effect on inflammatory signalling networks and the neuro–glia–vascular unit. Regarding the neurological, physiological, and molecular grounds governing post-COVID-19 fatigue, this review focuses on DPPIV as one of such reasons that progressively establishes cerebrovascular grievances following SARS-CoV infection. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2024-11-28 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118569/1/118569.pdf Che Mohd Nassir, Che Mohd Nasril and Che Ramli, Muhammad Danial and Jaffer, Usman and Abdul Hamid, Hafizah and Mehat, Muhammad Zulfadli and Mohamad Ghazali, Mazira and Kottakal Cheriya, Ebrahim Nangarath (2024) Neurological sequelae of post-COVID-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-mediated cerebrovascular complications. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 46 (12). pp. 1-17. ISSN 1467-3045 https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/12/811 10.3390/cimb46120811 |
| spellingShingle | Che Mohd Nassir, Che Mohd Nasril Che Ramli, Muhammad Danial Jaffer, Usman Abdul Hamid, Hafizah Mehat, Muhammad Zulfadli Mohamad Ghazali, Mazira Kottakal Cheriya, Ebrahim Nangarath Neurological sequelae of post-COVID-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-mediated cerebrovascular complications |
| title | Neurological sequelae of post-COVID-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-mediated cerebrovascular complications |
| title_full | Neurological sequelae of post-COVID-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-mediated cerebrovascular complications |
| title_fullStr | Neurological sequelae of post-COVID-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-mediated cerebrovascular complications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neurological sequelae of post-COVID-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-mediated cerebrovascular complications |
| title_short | Neurological sequelae of post-COVID-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-mediated cerebrovascular complications |
| title_sort | neurological sequelae of post-covid-19 fatigue: a narrative review of dipeptidyl peptidase iv-mediated cerebrovascular complications |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118569/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118569/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118569/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118569/1/118569.pdf |