Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite/montmorillonite nanocomposite for drug delivery system
The low mechanical strength of hydroxyapatite restricts its use as a synthetic bone scaffold in bone tissue engineering applications. In this research work, hydroxyapatite was successfully incorporated with montmorillonite via a conventional sintering technique. Due to the insertion of montmorill...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118465/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118465/1/118465.pdf |
| Summary: | The low mechanical strength of hydroxyapatite restricts its use as a synthetic
bone scaffold in bone tissue engineering applications. In this research work,
hydroxyapatite was successfully incorporated with montmorillonite via a
conventional sintering technique. Due to the insertion of montmorillonite, the
specific surface area of hydroxyapatite was decreased from 76 m2/g to 73 m2/g
and 68 m2/g for 80%/20% and 50%/50% of hydroxyapatite/montmorillonite
nanocomposite, respectively which subsequently enhanced the mechanical
strength nanocomposite. The nanocomposites were undergone a sintering
process in order to further ameliorate their mechanical strength. Consequently,
the mechanical strength of 80%/20% hydroxyapatite/montmorillonite
nanocomposite reached a maximum strength of 421 MPa. Meanwhile, the
strength of 50%/50% of hydroxyapatite/montmorillonite merely reached 225
MPa after undergoing the sintering process. FTIR study showed that the
absorption band of the resulting nanocomposite was comprised of both
characteristics of hydroxyapatite and montmorillonite which witnessed the
successful incorporation. XRD assayed revealed that new peakshave
appearedat the incorporation of nanocomposite which was evidenced bythe
formation of whitlockite and anhydrite. The nanocomposite was examined to
deliver anti-inflammatory drugs for bone tissue engineering namely cloxacillin
and fusidic acid. 2% w/w of cloxacillin and fusidic acid were encapsulated into
nanocomposite in different temperatures viz. 37°C, 50°C and 70°C. The amount
of drug encapsulated was found to be high in 80%/20%
hydroxyapatite/montmorillonite nanocomposite for cloxacillin and fusidic acid at
37°C. Besides that, the drug adsorption in fusidic acid occurred due to an
exothermic reaction.Further studies on in vitro drug delivery of nanocomposites
were done at fixed conditions. The drug-encapsulated nanocomposites at 37°C
showed high cumulative drug release for both drugs.The drug release
mechanism for cloxacillin and fusidic acid wasfound to follow pseudo-secondorder
kinetic models with R2 above 0.98. An apatite layer was formed on the
surface of the nanocomposite indicating the bioactivity of hydroxyapatite
increased as the amount of montmorillonite increased. This is toward the
upconversion of hydroxyapatite using a cheap material for dual purposes; bone
tissue engineering and drug delivery. |
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