Growth monitoring of healthy and BSR-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based LiDAR
The most threatening disease to the oil palm is Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma boninense. Besides matured oil palm trees, the oil palm seedlings are also susceptible to BSR disease. Therefore, it is crucial to detect the symptoms of the disease at an early stage, so that the infect...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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UPM Press
2025
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118216/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118216/1/118216.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848867461441519616 |
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| author | Husin, Nur Azuan Bejo, Siti Khairunniza Md Noh, Normahnani Ridu, Ray Clement |
| author_facet | Husin, Nur Azuan Bejo, Siti Khairunniza Md Noh, Normahnani Ridu, Ray Clement |
| author_sort | Husin, Nur Azuan |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The most threatening disease to the oil palm is Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma boninense. Besides matured oil palm trees, the oil palm seedlings are also susceptible to BSR disease. Therefore, it is crucial to detect the symptoms of the disease at an early stage, so that the infected plants can be treated immediately. This study focuses on growth monitoring to differentiate between the infected (INF) seedlings and non-infected (NONF) seedlings by using ground-based LiDAR. One hundred INF seedlings and 20 NONF seedlings were used in this study, where the NONF seedlings acted as a control. The parameters measured using LiDAR were the height, stem diameter and point density of the seedlings that were measured every two week intervals four times. The results showed there were significant differences in mean height and mean stem diameter between INF and NONF seedlings. Results from the LiDAR measurements were consistent with the manual measurements, where the correlations were more than 86%. In temporal measurements, the mean stem diameter for NONF seedlings consistently increased over the six weeks, while for INF seedlings it was inconsistent throughout the time. Furthermore, in the last three measurements, the mean point density of NONF seedlings was higher than INF seedlings which indicated better growth of non-infected seedlings compared to the infected seedlings. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:36:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-118216 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:36:52Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | UPM Press |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1182162025-07-01T00:28:28Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118216/ Growth monitoring of healthy and BSR-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based LiDAR Husin, Nur Azuan Bejo, Siti Khairunniza Md Noh, Normahnani Ridu, Ray Clement The most threatening disease to the oil palm is Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma boninense. Besides matured oil palm trees, the oil palm seedlings are also susceptible to BSR disease. Therefore, it is crucial to detect the symptoms of the disease at an early stage, so that the infected plants can be treated immediately. This study focuses on growth monitoring to differentiate between the infected (INF) seedlings and non-infected (NONF) seedlings by using ground-based LiDAR. One hundred INF seedlings and 20 NONF seedlings were used in this study, where the NONF seedlings acted as a control. The parameters measured using LiDAR were the height, stem diameter and point density of the seedlings that were measured every two week intervals four times. The results showed there were significant differences in mean height and mean stem diameter between INF and NONF seedlings. Results from the LiDAR measurements were consistent with the manual measurements, where the correlations were more than 86%. In temporal measurements, the mean stem diameter for NONF seedlings consistently increased over the six weeks, while for INF seedlings it was inconsistent throughout the time. Furthermore, in the last three measurements, the mean point density of NONF seedlings was higher than INF seedlings which indicated better growth of non-infected seedlings compared to the infected seedlings. UPM Press 2025-03-26 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_nc_nd_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118216/1/118216.pdf Husin, Nur Azuan and Bejo, Siti Khairunniza and Md Noh, Normahnani and Ridu, Ray Clement (2025) Growth monitoring of healthy and BSR-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based LiDAR. Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 33 (3). pp. 1137-1158. ISSN 0128-7680; eISSN: 2231-8526 http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/pjst/browse/regular-issue?article=JST-5250-2024 10.47836/pjst.33.3.03 |
| spellingShingle | Husin, Nur Azuan Bejo, Siti Khairunniza Md Noh, Normahnani Ridu, Ray Clement Growth monitoring of healthy and BSR-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based LiDAR |
| title | Growth monitoring of healthy and BSR-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based LiDAR |
| title_full | Growth monitoring of healthy and BSR-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based LiDAR |
| title_fullStr | Growth monitoring of healthy and BSR-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based LiDAR |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth monitoring of healthy and BSR-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based LiDAR |
| title_short | Growth monitoring of healthy and BSR-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based LiDAR |
| title_sort | growth monitoring of healthy and bsr-infected oil palm seedlings using ground-based lidar |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118216/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118216/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118216/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118216/1/118216.pdf |