Retention of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: Steaming vs. bake-in-foil

Regular fish consumption is recommended by health organizations to enhance omega-3 intake, reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Cooking enhances food's physical properties and nutritional value but may degrade essential omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA. This study evaluates the impact of two w...

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Main Authors: Muhammad Alinafiah, Suryati, Azlan, Azrina, Ismail, Amin, Mahmud @ Ab Rashid, Nor Khaizura
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Academic Press 2025
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/117190/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/117190/1/117190.pdf
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author Muhammad Alinafiah, Suryati
Azlan, Azrina
Ismail, Amin
Mahmud @ Ab Rashid, Nor Khaizura
author_facet Muhammad Alinafiah, Suryati
Azlan, Azrina
Ismail, Amin
Mahmud @ Ab Rashid, Nor Khaizura
author_sort Muhammad Alinafiah, Suryati
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Regular fish consumption is recommended by health organizations to enhance omega-3 intake, reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Cooking enhances food's physical properties and nutritional value but may degrade essential omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA. This study evaluates the impact of two wet-heat cooking methods (steaming and baking in foil) on the retention of EPA and DHA in three fish species: Indian Scad (SF), Indian Mackerel (KF), and Moonfish (MF). Results indicated steaming preserved PUFA better than baking in foil (BIF) across all samples. In steaming, EPA retention was highest in KF (60.4%), followed by SF (54.6%) and MF (6.1%); DHA retention mirrored the trend. In BIF, KF retained more EPA (36.8%) and DHA (38.1%) than SF and MF. Cooking yields (CY) varied, with SF having the highest yield in steaming (84.8%) and MF in BIF (79.4%). Steamed SF provided the highest total EPA + DHA (>500 mg/100 g) among all samples. The superior retention of DHA and EPA by steaming is likely due to its lower temperature (100°C) than BIF (160°C). These findings strongly support the preference for steaming over BIF, for retaining EPA, DHA in fish, particularly SF, which may serve as an excellent EPA, DHA dietary source for cardiovascular health.
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spelling upm-1171902025-04-30T03:30:46Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/117190/ Retention of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: Steaming vs. bake-in-foil Muhammad Alinafiah, Suryati Azlan, Azrina Ismail, Amin Mahmud @ Ab Rashid, Nor Khaizura Regular fish consumption is recommended by health organizations to enhance omega-3 intake, reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Cooking enhances food's physical properties and nutritional value but may degrade essential omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA. This study evaluates the impact of two wet-heat cooking methods (steaming and baking in foil) on the retention of EPA and DHA in three fish species: Indian Scad (SF), Indian Mackerel (KF), and Moonfish (MF). Results indicated steaming preserved PUFA better than baking in foil (BIF) across all samples. In steaming, EPA retention was highest in KF (60.4%), followed by SF (54.6%) and MF (6.1%); DHA retention mirrored the trend. In BIF, KF retained more EPA (36.8%) and DHA (38.1%) than SF and MF. Cooking yields (CY) varied, with SF having the highest yield in steaming (84.8%) and MF in BIF (79.4%). Steamed SF provided the highest total EPA + DHA (>500 mg/100 g) among all samples. The superior retention of DHA and EPA by steaming is likely due to its lower temperature (100°C) than BIF (160°C). These findings strongly support the preference for steaming over BIF, for retaining EPA, DHA in fish, particularly SF, which may serve as an excellent EPA, DHA dietary source for cardiovascular health. Academic Press 2025 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/117190/1/117190.pdf Muhammad Alinafiah, Suryati and Azlan, Azrina and Ismail, Amin and Mahmud @ Ab Rashid, Nor Khaizura (2025) Retention of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: Steaming vs. bake-in-foil. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 142. art. no. 107482. pp. 1-9. ISSN 0889-1575 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889157525002972 10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107482
spellingShingle Muhammad Alinafiah, Suryati
Azlan, Azrina
Ismail, Amin
Mahmud @ Ab Rashid, Nor Khaizura
Retention of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: Steaming vs. bake-in-foil
title Retention of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: Steaming vs. bake-in-foil
title_full Retention of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: Steaming vs. bake-in-foil
title_fullStr Retention of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: Steaming vs. bake-in-foil
title_full_unstemmed Retention of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: Steaming vs. bake-in-foil
title_short Retention of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: Steaming vs. bake-in-foil
title_sort retention of omega-3 fatty acids (dha and epa) and cooking yield in fish cooked using wet-heat methods: steaming vs. bake-in-foil
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/117190/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/117190/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/117190/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/117190/1/117190.pdf