Identification of a novel IGSF1 variant in two Malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism

Introduction IGSF1 mutation is the commonest cause of mild to moderate isolated central congenital hypothyroidism and has an X-linked recessive inheritance, primarily affecting males. Other notable clinical features are macroorchidism with delayed pubertal testosterone rise, large birth weight, incr...

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Main Authors: Lee, Yee Lin, Ting, Tzer Hwu, Lim, Chong Teik, Thilakavathy, Karuppiah, Musa, Nurul Huda, Ling, King Hwa
Format: Article
Published: Galenos Yayinevi 2024
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116196/
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author Lee, Yee Lin
Ting, Tzer Hwu
Lim, Chong Teik
Thilakavathy, Karuppiah
Musa, Nurul Huda
Ling, King Hwa
author_facet Lee, Yee Lin
Ting, Tzer Hwu
Lim, Chong Teik
Thilakavathy, Karuppiah
Musa, Nurul Huda
Ling, King Hwa
author_sort Lee, Yee Lin
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Introduction IGSF1 mutation is the commonest cause of mild to moderate isolated central congenital hypothyroidism and has an X-linked recessive inheritance, primarily affecting males. Other notable clinical features are macroorchidism with delayed pubertal testosterone rise, large birth weight, increased body mass index, low prolactin, transient growth hormone deficiency and low prolactin. Case Presentation Two male siblings with central hypothyroidism were found to have a novel IGSF1 c.3467T>A variant that was likely pathogenic based on the family segregation study. The proband, aged 3 years presented at 18 days old with prolonged jaundice while his 16-year-old brother was only detected to have central hypothyroidism after the proband’s genetic analysis result was known. Both siblings were obese, had large birth weights, macroorchidism and low prolactin. The proband’s brother had intellectual disability while the proband had normal development. Conclusion This case study highlights the importance of evaluation for the IGSF1 variant in patients with unexplained central hypothyroidism, especially when accompanied by X-linked inheritance and macroorchidism. Family segregation analysis allows detection of other affected family members or carriers who may also benefit from thyroxine treatment.
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institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-15T14:28:41Z
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publisher Galenos Yayinevi
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spelling upm-1161962025-03-20T04:40:52Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116196/ Identification of a novel IGSF1 variant in two Malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism Lee, Yee Lin Ting, Tzer Hwu Lim, Chong Teik Thilakavathy, Karuppiah Musa, Nurul Huda Ling, King Hwa Introduction IGSF1 mutation is the commonest cause of mild to moderate isolated central congenital hypothyroidism and has an X-linked recessive inheritance, primarily affecting males. Other notable clinical features are macroorchidism with delayed pubertal testosterone rise, large birth weight, increased body mass index, low prolactin, transient growth hormone deficiency and low prolactin. Case Presentation Two male siblings with central hypothyroidism were found to have a novel IGSF1 c.3467T>A variant that was likely pathogenic based on the family segregation study. The proband, aged 3 years presented at 18 days old with prolonged jaundice while his 16-year-old brother was only detected to have central hypothyroidism after the proband’s genetic analysis result was known. Both siblings were obese, had large birth weights, macroorchidism and low prolactin. The proband’s brother had intellectual disability while the proband had normal development. Conclusion This case study highlights the importance of evaluation for the IGSF1 variant in patients with unexplained central hypothyroidism, especially when accompanied by X-linked inheritance and macroorchidism. Family segregation analysis allows detection of other affected family members or carriers who may also benefit from thyroxine treatment. Galenos Yayinevi 2024 Article PeerReviewed Lee, Yee Lin and Ting, Tzer Hwu and Lim, Chong Teik and Thilakavathy, Karuppiah and Musa, Nurul Huda and Ling, King Hwa (2024) Identification of a novel IGSF1 variant in two Malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism. Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology. ISSN 1308-5727; eISSN: 1308-5735 https://jcrpe.org/articles/doi/jcrpe.galenos.2024.2023-12-1 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2024.2023-12-1
spellingShingle Lee, Yee Lin
Ting, Tzer Hwu
Lim, Chong Teik
Thilakavathy, Karuppiah
Musa, Nurul Huda
Ling, King Hwa
Identification of a novel IGSF1 variant in two Malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism
title Identification of a novel IGSF1 variant in two Malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism
title_full Identification of a novel IGSF1 variant in two Malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism
title_fullStr Identification of a novel IGSF1 variant in two Malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism
title_full_unstemmed Identification of a novel IGSF1 variant in two Malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism
title_short Identification of a novel IGSF1 variant in two Malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism
title_sort identification of a novel igsf1 variant in two malaysian malesiblings with central hypothyroidism and macroorchidism
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116196/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116196/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116196/