Pratuokng: the Borneo bamboo zither of Bidayuh Sarawak
The pratuokng is an idiochord tube zither, which is a musical instrument. The Bidayuh Biatah pratuokng bamboo sound radiators of Annah Rais in Padawan, Sarawak, Malaysia are made up of seven strings and one drum. The sound reproduction capabilities are unique and innovative. This study intends to hi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North Carolina State University
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115907/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115907/1/115907.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848866886564970496 |
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| author | Hamdan, Sinin Mohamad Said, Khairul Anwar Faudzi Musib, Ahmad Rahman, Md Rezaur Sawawi, Marini Sinin, Aaliyawani Ezzerin |
| author_facet | Hamdan, Sinin Mohamad Said, Khairul Anwar Faudzi Musib, Ahmad Rahman, Md Rezaur Sawawi, Marini Sinin, Aaliyawani Ezzerin |
| author_sort | Hamdan, Sinin |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The pratuokng is an idiochord tube zither, which is a musical instrument. The Bidayuh Biatah pratuokng bamboo sound radiators of Annah Rais in Padawan, Sarawak, Malaysia are made up of seven strings and one drum. The sound reproduction capabilities are unique and innovative. This study intends to highlight the importance of sound studies in the studio setting. The frequency spectrum was evaluated using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis via PicoScope oscilloscopes, and the time frequency analysis (TFA) using Adobe Audition that produced the spectrograms. The observations and perceptions offered by the actual meaning of this bamboo tube zither instruments showed that the notes of the pratuokng strings are E, D, F, Ab, B, A#, and B, respectively. The drum note is A. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd(A), 3rd(B), 4th(A), 4th(B), and 5th strings are 320 Hz (E4 = 329.63), 300 Hz (D4 = 293.67), 350 Hz (F4 = 349), 410 Hz (A4b = 415), 490 Hz (B4 = 493), 470 Hz (A4# = 466), and 500 Hz (B4 = 493), respectively, i.e., with note E, D, F, Ab, B, A#, and B, respectively. The drum is 210 Hz (A3 = 220). The signal in the frequency spectrum showed both distinct fundamental and higher partial frequencies. In particular, the first octave are present except for string 4B and 5. The inconsistent number of partials in each string is due to the inconsistent thickness of the raised fiber from the bamboo tube. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:27:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-115907 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:27:44Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | North Carolina State University |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1159072025-03-27T08:40:00Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115907/ Pratuokng: the Borneo bamboo zither of Bidayuh Sarawak Hamdan, Sinin Mohamad Said, Khairul Anwar Faudzi Musib, Ahmad Rahman, Md Rezaur Sawawi, Marini Sinin, Aaliyawani Ezzerin The pratuokng is an idiochord tube zither, which is a musical instrument. The Bidayuh Biatah pratuokng bamboo sound radiators of Annah Rais in Padawan, Sarawak, Malaysia are made up of seven strings and one drum. The sound reproduction capabilities are unique and innovative. This study intends to highlight the importance of sound studies in the studio setting. The frequency spectrum was evaluated using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis via PicoScope oscilloscopes, and the time frequency analysis (TFA) using Adobe Audition that produced the spectrograms. The observations and perceptions offered by the actual meaning of this bamboo tube zither instruments showed that the notes of the pratuokng strings are E, D, F, Ab, B, A#, and B, respectively. The drum note is A. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd(A), 3rd(B), 4th(A), 4th(B), and 5th strings are 320 Hz (E4 = 329.63), 300 Hz (D4 = 293.67), 350 Hz (F4 = 349), 410 Hz (A4b = 415), 490 Hz (B4 = 493), 470 Hz (A4# = 466), and 500 Hz (B4 = 493), respectively, i.e., with note E, D, F, Ab, B, A#, and B, respectively. The drum is 210 Hz (A3 = 220). The signal in the frequency spectrum showed both distinct fundamental and higher partial frequencies. In particular, the first octave are present except for string 4B and 5. The inconsistent number of partials in each string is due to the inconsistent thickness of the raised fiber from the bamboo tube. North Carolina State University 2024-01-08 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115907/1/115907.pdf Hamdan, Sinin and Mohamad Said, Khairul Anwar and Faudzi Musib, Ahmad and Rahman, Md Rezaur and Sawawi, Marini and Sinin, Aaliyawani Ezzerin (2024) Pratuokng: the Borneo bamboo zither of Bidayuh Sarawak. BioResources, 19 (1). pp. 1305-1315. ISSN 1930-2126; eISSN: 1930-2126 https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/resources/pratuokng-the-borneo-bamboo-zither-of-bidayuh-sarawak/ 10.15376/biores.19.1.1305-1315 |
| spellingShingle | Hamdan, Sinin Mohamad Said, Khairul Anwar Faudzi Musib, Ahmad Rahman, Md Rezaur Sawawi, Marini Sinin, Aaliyawani Ezzerin Pratuokng: the Borneo bamboo zither of Bidayuh Sarawak |
| title | Pratuokng: the Borneo bamboo zither of Bidayuh Sarawak |
| title_full | Pratuokng: the Borneo bamboo zither of Bidayuh Sarawak |
| title_fullStr | Pratuokng: the Borneo bamboo zither of Bidayuh Sarawak |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pratuokng: the Borneo bamboo zither of Bidayuh Sarawak |
| title_short | Pratuokng: the Borneo bamboo zither of Bidayuh Sarawak |
| title_sort | pratuokng: the borneo bamboo zither of bidayuh sarawak |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115907/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115907/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115907/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115907/1/115907.pdf |