Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy
Over the past few decades, cancer immunotherapy has experienced a significant revolution due to the advancements in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and adoptive cell therapies (ACTs), along with their regulatory approvals. In recent times, there has been hope in the effectiveness of cancer vacci...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer Science and Business Media
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115705/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115705/1/115705.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848866845302456320 |
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| author | Eskandari, Azadeh Leow, Thean Chor Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin Oslan, Siti Nurbaya |
| author_facet | Eskandari, Azadeh Leow, Thean Chor Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin Oslan, Siti Nurbaya |
| author_sort | Eskandari, Azadeh |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Over the past few decades, cancer immunotherapy has experienced a significant revolution due to the advancements in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and adoptive cell therapies (ACTs), along with their regulatory approvals. In recent times, there has been hope in the effectiveness of cancer vaccines for therapy as they have been able to stimulate de novo T-cell reactions against tumor antigens. These tumor antigens include both tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and tumorspecific antigen (TSA). Nevertheless, the constant quest to fully achieve these abilities persists. Therefore, this review offers a broad perspective on the existing status of cancer immunizations. Cancer vaccine design has been revolutionized due to the advancements made in antigen selection, the development of antigen delivery systems, and a deeper understanding of the strategic intricacies involved in effective antigen presentation. In addition, this review addresses the present condition of clinical tests and deliberates on their approaches, with a particular emphasis on the immunogenicity specific to tumors and the evaluation of effectiveness against tumors. Nevertheless, the ongoing clinical endeavors to create cancer vaccines have failed to produce remarkable clinical results as a result of substantial obstacles, such as the suppression of the tumor immune microenvironment, the identification of suitable candidates, the assessment of immune responses, and the acceleration of vaccine production. Hence, there are possibilities for the industry to overcome challenges and enhance patient results in the coming years. This can be achieved by recognizing the intricate nature of clinical issues and continuously working toward surpassing existing limitations. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:27:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-115705 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:27:04Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Springer Science and Business Media |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1157052025-03-13T03:01:04Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115705/ Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy Eskandari, Azadeh Leow, Thean Chor Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin Oslan, Siti Nurbaya Over the past few decades, cancer immunotherapy has experienced a significant revolution due to the advancements in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and adoptive cell therapies (ACTs), along with their regulatory approvals. In recent times, there has been hope in the effectiveness of cancer vaccines for therapy as they have been able to stimulate de novo T-cell reactions against tumor antigens. These tumor antigens include both tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and tumorspecific antigen (TSA). Nevertheless, the constant quest to fully achieve these abilities persists. Therefore, this review offers a broad perspective on the existing status of cancer immunizations. Cancer vaccine design has been revolutionized due to the advancements made in antigen selection, the development of antigen delivery systems, and a deeper understanding of the strategic intricacies involved in effective antigen presentation. In addition, this review addresses the present condition of clinical tests and deliberates on their approaches, with a particular emphasis on the immunogenicity specific to tumors and the evaluation of effectiveness against tumors. Nevertheless, the ongoing clinical endeavors to create cancer vaccines have failed to produce remarkable clinical results as a result of substantial obstacles, such as the suppression of the tumor immune microenvironment, the identification of suitable candidates, the assessment of immune responses, and the acceleration of vaccine production. Hence, there are possibilities for the industry to overcome challenges and enhance patient results in the coming years. This can be achieved by recognizing the intricate nature of clinical issues and continuously working toward surpassing existing limitations. Springer Science and Business Media 2024-04-16 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115705/1/115705.pdf Eskandari, Azadeh and Leow, Thean Chor and Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin and Oslan, Siti Nurbaya (2024) Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy. Molecular Biotechnology. ISSN 1073-6085; eISSN: 1559-0305 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12033-024-01144-3?error=cookies_not_supported&code=cc75b355-5f2a-4e1f-a80c-e54e39397215 10.1007/s12033-024-01144-3 |
| spellingShingle | Eskandari, Azadeh Leow, Thean Chor Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin Oslan, Siti Nurbaya Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy |
| title | Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy |
| title_full | Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy |
| title_short | Advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy |
| title_sort | advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines, their obstacles, and prospects toward tumor immunotherapy |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115705/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115705/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115705/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115705/1/115705.pdf |