Production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by Enterococcus faecalis strain AEF using Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a highly versatile biopolymer renowned for its exceptional mechanical strength, water retention, and biocompatibility. These properties make it a valuable material for various industrial and biomedical applications. In this study, Enterococcus faecalis synthesized extrace...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer Science and Business Media
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115691/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115691/1/115691.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848866842531069952 |
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| author | AL-Hasabe, Ashraf Sami Hassan Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal Baharum, Nadiya Akmal Yu, Choo Yee |
| author_facet | AL-Hasabe, Ashraf Sami Hassan Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal Baharum, Nadiya Akmal Yu, Choo Yee |
| author_sort | AL-Hasabe, Ashraf Sami Hassan |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a highly versatile biopolymer renowned for its exceptional mechanical strength, water retention, and biocompatibility. These properties make it a valuable material for various industrial and biomedical applications. In this study, Enterococcus faecalis synthesized extracellular BC, utilizing Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts as sustainable carbon sources. LC-MS analysis identified glucose as the primary carbohydrate in these extracts, providing a suitable substrate for BC production. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a network of BC nanofibers on Congo red agar plates. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of characteristic cellulose functional groups, further supporting BC synthesis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated a high crystallinity index of 71%, consistent with the cellulose I structure, as evidenced by peaks at 16.22°, 21.46°, 22.52°, and 34.70°. Whole-genome sequencing of E. faecalis identified vital genes involved in BC biosynthesis, including bcsA, bcsB, diguanylate cyclase (DGC), and 6-phosphofructokinase (pfkA). Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone, while susceptibility to imipenem was observed. Quantitative assessment demonstrated that higher concentrations of fruit extracts (5.0–20 mg/mL) significantly enhanced BC production. Cytotoxicity testing via the MTT assay confirmed excellent biocompatibility with NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells, showing high cell viability (97–105%). Unlike commonly studied Gram-negative bacteria like Acetobacter xylinum for BC production, this research focuses on Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis and utilizes Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts as carbon sources. This approach offers a sustainable and promising avenue for BC production. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:27:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-115691 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:27:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Springer Science and Business Media |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1156912025-03-13T02:59:12Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115691/ Production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by Enterococcus faecalis strain AEF using Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts AL-Hasabe, Ashraf Sami Hassan Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal Baharum, Nadiya Akmal Yu, Choo Yee Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a highly versatile biopolymer renowned for its exceptional mechanical strength, water retention, and biocompatibility. These properties make it a valuable material for various industrial and biomedical applications. In this study, Enterococcus faecalis synthesized extracellular BC, utilizing Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts as sustainable carbon sources. LC-MS analysis identified glucose as the primary carbohydrate in these extracts, providing a suitable substrate for BC production. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a network of BC nanofibers on Congo red agar plates. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of characteristic cellulose functional groups, further supporting BC synthesis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated a high crystallinity index of 71%, consistent with the cellulose I structure, as evidenced by peaks at 16.22°, 21.46°, 22.52°, and 34.70°. Whole-genome sequencing of E. faecalis identified vital genes involved in BC biosynthesis, including bcsA, bcsB, diguanylate cyclase (DGC), and 6-phosphofructokinase (pfkA). Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone, while susceptibility to imipenem was observed. Quantitative assessment demonstrated that higher concentrations of fruit extracts (5.0–20 mg/mL) significantly enhanced BC production. Cytotoxicity testing via the MTT assay confirmed excellent biocompatibility with NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells, showing high cell viability (97–105%). Unlike commonly studied Gram-negative bacteria like Acetobacter xylinum for BC production, this research focuses on Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis and utilizes Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts as carbon sources. This approach offers a sustainable and promising avenue for BC production. Springer Science and Business Media 2024-10-24 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115691/1/115691.pdf AL-Hasabe, Ashraf Sami Hassan and Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal and Baharum, Nadiya Akmal and Yu, Choo Yee (2024) Production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by Enterococcus faecalis strain AEF using Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 40 (11). art. no. 362. pp. 1-18. ISSN 0959-3993; eISSN: 1573-0972 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11274-024-04159-9?error=cookies_not_supported&code=a75d65a1-1ac9-42c4-946d-757aec1d26c7 10.1007/s11274-024-04159-9 |
| spellingShingle | AL-Hasabe, Ashraf Sami Hassan Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal Baharum, Nadiya Akmal Yu, Choo Yee Production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by Enterococcus faecalis strain AEF using Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts |
| title | Production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by Enterococcus faecalis strain AEF using Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts |
| title_full | Production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by Enterococcus faecalis strain AEF using Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts |
| title_fullStr | Production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by Enterococcus faecalis strain AEF using Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by Enterococcus faecalis strain AEF using Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts |
| title_short | Production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by Enterococcus faecalis strain AEF using Phoenix dactylifera and Musa acuminata fruit extracts |
| title_sort | production and analysis of synthesized bacterial cellulose by enterococcus faecalis strain aef using phoenix dactylifera and musa acuminata fruit extracts |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115691/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115691/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115691/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115691/1/115691.pdf |