Exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights
This study explores the use of green solvent systems by investigating the solubility and thermodynamic properties of xanthone (1) in triglyceride-based tricaprin (2) and tricaprylin (3) mixtures, aiming to replace traditional organic solvents. The solubility profile exhibited a concave trend, and th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BioMed Central Ltd
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114799/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114799/1/114799.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848866598656409600 |
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| author | Liu, Hua Stanslas, Johnson Ren, Jiaoyan Suleiman, Norhidayah Chong, Gun-Hean |
| author_facet | Liu, Hua Stanslas, Johnson Ren, Jiaoyan Suleiman, Norhidayah Chong, Gun-Hean |
| author_sort | Liu, Hua |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | This study explores the use of green solvent systems by investigating the solubility and thermodynamic properties of xanthone (1) in triglyceride-based tricaprin (2) and tricaprylin (3) mixtures, aiming to replace traditional organic solvents. The solubility profile exhibited a concave trend, and the highest solubility was observed at a solute-free fraction
(x2) of 0.36. The solubility exponentially increased with increasing temperature in the range from 30 °C to 75 °C. The solubility data were effectively correlated using the local composition-regular solution theory (LC-RST) model and achieved an ARDln value of 4.8 × 10–3. The model indicated strong interactions between tricaprin and tricaprylin, followed by interactions between tricaprylin and xanthone and between tricaprin and xanthone. The dissolution process of xanthone was primarily enthalpy driven. Based on the structural analysis, xanthone maintained its
molecular structure after dissolution in tricaprin and tricaprylin; however, changes in crystallinity levels were observed. These findings provide insights into the use of triglycerides as solvents to improve the solubility and bioaccessibility of hydrophobic compounds such as xanthone. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:23:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-114799 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:23:09Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | BioMed Central Ltd |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1147992025-02-04T09:11:58Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114799/ Exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights Liu, Hua Stanslas, Johnson Ren, Jiaoyan Suleiman, Norhidayah Chong, Gun-Hean This study explores the use of green solvent systems by investigating the solubility and thermodynamic properties of xanthone (1) in triglyceride-based tricaprin (2) and tricaprylin (3) mixtures, aiming to replace traditional organic solvents. The solubility profile exhibited a concave trend, and the highest solubility was observed at a solute-free fraction (x2) of 0.36. The solubility exponentially increased with increasing temperature in the range from 30 °C to 75 °C. The solubility data were effectively correlated using the local composition-regular solution theory (LC-RST) model and achieved an ARDln value of 4.8 × 10–3. The model indicated strong interactions between tricaprin and tricaprylin, followed by interactions between tricaprylin and xanthone and between tricaprin and xanthone. The dissolution process of xanthone was primarily enthalpy driven. Based on the structural analysis, xanthone maintained its molecular structure after dissolution in tricaprin and tricaprylin; however, changes in crystallinity levels were observed. These findings provide insights into the use of triglycerides as solvents to improve the solubility and bioaccessibility of hydrophobic compounds such as xanthone. BioMed Central Ltd 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_nc_nd_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114799/1/114799.pdf Liu, Hua and Stanslas, Johnson and Ren, Jiaoyan and Suleiman, Norhidayah and Chong, Gun-Hean (2024) Exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights. BMC Chemistry, 18 (1). art. no. 239. pp. 1-11. ISSN 2661-801X https://bmcchem.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13065-024-01329-6 10.1186/s13065-024-01329-6 |
| spellingShingle | Liu, Hua Stanslas, Johnson Ren, Jiaoyan Suleiman, Norhidayah Chong, Gun-Hean Exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights |
| title | Exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights |
| title_full | Exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights |
| title_fullStr | Exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights |
| title_short | Exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights |
| title_sort | exploring green solvent systems and enhanced solubility of xanthone in triglyceride‑based tricaprin‑tricaprylin mixtures with thermodynamic insights |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114799/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114799/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114799/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114799/1/114799.pdf |