Wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes
This study advances the creation of biocomposite materials and serves to reduce and utilize agricultural waste such as pineapple leaf fibers (PALF). In this study, PALF-reinforced natural rubber (NR) composites with included multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were analyzed and characterized at va...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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John Wiley and Sons
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114645/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114645/1/114645.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848866554130726912 |
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| author | Xuan, Yeo Yi Ridzuan, M.J.M. Abdul Majid, M.S. Syayuthi, A.R.A. Mat, Fauziah Salit @ Sinon, Mohd Sapuan |
| author_facet | Xuan, Yeo Yi Ridzuan, M.J.M. Abdul Majid, M.S. Syayuthi, A.R.A. Mat, Fauziah Salit @ Sinon, Mohd Sapuan |
| author_sort | Xuan, Yeo Yi |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | This study advances the creation of biocomposite materials and serves to reduce and utilize agricultural waste such as pineapple leaf fibers (PALF). In this study, PALF-reinforced natural rubber (NR) composites with included multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were analyzed and characterized at various fiber loadings. The PALF content was ranged from 0, 10, 20 to 30 parts per hundred rubber (phr) while the MWCNT content was maintained at 10 phr. A two-roll mill mixing process followed by molding was employed to fabricate the NR composites. Based on the curing behavior, tribological properties, and morphological analysis, it was confirmed that the hybrid reinforcement of the MWCNT and PALF improved the curing behavior, wear resistance, and morphology of the composites. The wear and friction properties of the composites namely coefficient of friction (COF), frictional force and specific wear rate (SWR) are significantly influenced by the applied loads. The COF of NR/30PALF and NR/30PALF/MWCNT composites is reduced to 0.80 and 0.72 respectively under 15 N of load. Physical properties namely the cross-link density and swelling behavior of the composites ranged from 3.70 × 10−4 to 5.71 × 10−4 mol/cm3 and 207.81 to 386.17%, respectively. According to the results obtained, the best cure and wear behavior followed by the morphological analysis are observed in NR/30PALF/MWCNT composite. Among the samples tested, NR/30PALF composite exhibited the best performance in both cross-link density and swelling behavior. It is anticipated that the findings of this study are expected to provide theoretical data for the design and optimisation of high-performance automotive and footwear applications. Highlights: NR/30PALF/MWCNT hybrid composite exhibited the shortest (Formula presented.) The addition of MWCNT improved the wear resistance of the composites The reinforcement of PALF at 30 phr possessed the lowest swelling ratio and the highest cross-link density of the composites The addition of MWCNT decreased cross-link density of the composites. © 2024 Society of Plastics Engineers. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:22:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-114645 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:22:27Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | John Wiley and Sons |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1146452025-01-22T06:33:57Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114645/ Wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes Xuan, Yeo Yi Ridzuan, M.J.M. Abdul Majid, M.S. Syayuthi, A.R.A. Mat, Fauziah Salit @ Sinon, Mohd Sapuan This study advances the creation of biocomposite materials and serves to reduce and utilize agricultural waste such as pineapple leaf fibers (PALF). In this study, PALF-reinforced natural rubber (NR) composites with included multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were analyzed and characterized at various fiber loadings. The PALF content was ranged from 0, 10, 20 to 30 parts per hundred rubber (phr) while the MWCNT content was maintained at 10 phr. A two-roll mill mixing process followed by molding was employed to fabricate the NR composites. Based on the curing behavior, tribological properties, and morphological analysis, it was confirmed that the hybrid reinforcement of the MWCNT and PALF improved the curing behavior, wear resistance, and morphology of the composites. The wear and friction properties of the composites namely coefficient of friction (COF), frictional force and specific wear rate (SWR) are significantly influenced by the applied loads. The COF of NR/30PALF and NR/30PALF/MWCNT composites is reduced to 0.80 and 0.72 respectively under 15 N of load. Physical properties namely the cross-link density and swelling behavior of the composites ranged from 3.70 × 10−4 to 5.71 × 10−4 mol/cm3 and 207.81 to 386.17%, respectively. According to the results obtained, the best cure and wear behavior followed by the morphological analysis are observed in NR/30PALF/MWCNT composite. Among the samples tested, NR/30PALF composite exhibited the best performance in both cross-link density and swelling behavior. It is anticipated that the findings of this study are expected to provide theoretical data for the design and optimisation of high-performance automotive and footwear applications. Highlights: NR/30PALF/MWCNT hybrid composite exhibited the shortest (Formula presented.) The addition of MWCNT improved the wear resistance of the composites The reinforcement of PALF at 30 phr possessed the lowest swelling ratio and the highest cross-link density of the composites The addition of MWCNT decreased cross-link density of the composites. © 2024 Society of Plastics Engineers. John Wiley and Sons 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114645/1/114645.pdf Xuan, Yeo Yi and Ridzuan, M.J.M. and Abdul Majid, M.S. and Syayuthi, A.R.A. and Mat, Fauziah and Salit @ Sinon, Mohd Sapuan (2024) Wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Polymer Composites. pp. 1-20. ISSN 0272-8397; eISSN: 1548-0569 (In Press) https://4spepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pc.29164 10.1002/pc.29164 |
| spellingShingle | Xuan, Yeo Yi Ridzuan, M.J.M. Abdul Majid, M.S. Syayuthi, A.R.A. Mat, Fauziah Salit @ Sinon, Mohd Sapuan Wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| title | Wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| title_full | Wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| title_fullStr | Wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| title_short | Wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| title_sort | wear and friction properties of pineapple leaf fibers-reinforced natural rubber composites with the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114645/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114645/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114645/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114645/1/114645.pdf |