Maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies
The massive environmental pollution caused by widespread industrialization jeopardizes human life and ecosystems. Among several pollutants, heavy metal ions in fresh water reservoirs pose a major threat that needs an immediate attention. One of the feasible, cheap and robust approaches to mitigate t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Springer Nature
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113618/ |
| _version_ | 1848866276485627904 |
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| author | Khan, Fatima Siddique, Abu Bakar Irfan, Muhammad Imran Hassan, Muhammad Naeem ul Sher, Muhammad Alhazmi, Hassan A. Qramish, Abdulrahman N. Amin, Hatem M. A. Qadir, Rahman Abbas, Azhar |
| author_facet | Khan, Fatima Siddique, Abu Bakar Irfan, Muhammad Imran Hassan, Muhammad Naeem ul Sher, Muhammad Alhazmi, Hassan A. Qramish, Abdulrahman N. Amin, Hatem M. A. Qadir, Rahman Abbas, Azhar |
| author_sort | Khan, Fatima |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The massive environmental pollution caused by widespread industrialization jeopardizes human life and ecosystems. Among several pollutants, heavy metal ions in fresh water reservoirs pose a major threat that needs an immediate attention. One of the feasible, cheap and robust approaches to mitigate this pollution is the sorption on efficient and easily available materials. Hence, the contemporary study is designed to the synthesis, characterization, and application of the sodic form of hydroxyethyl cellulose maleate (HEC-MAL-Na) for the selective uptake of Cd(II) metal ions from the spiked aqueous solution. The esterification of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with maleic anhydride was initially carried out to synthesize HEC-MAL. HEC-MAL was subsequently neutralized by NaHCO3 to form HEC-MAL-Na. The sodic form of HEC-MAL was characterized by comparing the FT-IR spectra of HEC-MAL-Na, HEC-MAL and HEC. Zero-point charge pH of HEC-MAL-Na confirmed the neutralization of HEC-MAL by NaHCO3. HEC-MAL-Na was utilized as an adsorbent for the treatment of polluted water by removing Cd(II) ions via an ion-exchange mechanism. The optimum conditions for the effective removal of Cd(II) ions from the aqueous solution were determined by screening different parameters such as temperature, pH, contact time, sorbent dose and initial metal ion concentration. The experimental data supported the pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir isothermal model for removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution with the maximum sorption capacity of 277.7 mg/g at pH 5.5, initial metal ion concentration (110 mg L−1), sorbent dosage (40 mg) and contact time (30 min) at 298 K. The thermodynamic parameters, such as ∆S°, ∆H° and ∆G° were also estimated, and their values indicated the exothermic, spontaneous and feasible nature of the sorption process. Regeneration studies demonstrated the feasibility of the repeated use of activated adsorbent for removal of heavy metal ions. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:18:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-113618 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:18:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Springer Nature |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1136182024-11-14T03:22:01Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113618/ Maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies Khan, Fatima Siddique, Abu Bakar Irfan, Muhammad Imran Hassan, Muhammad Naeem ul Sher, Muhammad Alhazmi, Hassan A. Qramish, Abdulrahman N. Amin, Hatem M. A. Qadir, Rahman Abbas, Azhar The massive environmental pollution caused by widespread industrialization jeopardizes human life and ecosystems. Among several pollutants, heavy metal ions in fresh water reservoirs pose a major threat that needs an immediate attention. One of the feasible, cheap and robust approaches to mitigate this pollution is the sorption on efficient and easily available materials. Hence, the contemporary study is designed to the synthesis, characterization, and application of the sodic form of hydroxyethyl cellulose maleate (HEC-MAL-Na) for the selective uptake of Cd(II) metal ions from the spiked aqueous solution. The esterification of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with maleic anhydride was initially carried out to synthesize HEC-MAL. HEC-MAL was subsequently neutralized by NaHCO3 to form HEC-MAL-Na. The sodic form of HEC-MAL was characterized by comparing the FT-IR spectra of HEC-MAL-Na, HEC-MAL and HEC. Zero-point charge pH of HEC-MAL-Na confirmed the neutralization of HEC-MAL by NaHCO3. HEC-MAL-Na was utilized as an adsorbent for the treatment of polluted water by removing Cd(II) ions via an ion-exchange mechanism. The optimum conditions for the effective removal of Cd(II) ions from the aqueous solution were determined by screening different parameters such as temperature, pH, contact time, sorbent dose and initial metal ion concentration. The experimental data supported the pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir isothermal model for removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution with the maximum sorption capacity of 277.7 mg/g at pH 5.5, initial metal ion concentration (110 mg L−1), sorbent dosage (40 mg) and contact time (30 min) at 298 K. The thermodynamic parameters, such as ∆S°, ∆H° and ∆G° were also estimated, and their values indicated the exothermic, spontaneous and feasible nature of the sorption process. Regeneration studies demonstrated the feasibility of the repeated use of activated adsorbent for removal of heavy metal ions. Springer Nature 2024 Article PeerReviewed Khan, Fatima and Siddique, Abu Bakar and Irfan, Muhammad Imran and Hassan, Muhammad Naeem ul and Sher, Muhammad and Alhazmi, Hassan A. and Qramish, Abdulrahman N. and Amin, Hatem M. A. and Qadir, Rahman and Abbas, Azhar (2024) Maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 235 (8). art. no. 536. ISSN 0049-6979; eISSN: 1573-2932 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11270-024-07281-4?error=cookies_not_supported&code=9376bdcd-62e5-4254-b3a7-cde0dcb33c95 10.1007/s11270-024-07281-4 |
| spellingShingle | Khan, Fatima Siddique, Abu Bakar Irfan, Muhammad Imran Hassan, Muhammad Naeem ul Sher, Muhammad Alhazmi, Hassan A. Qramish, Abdulrahman N. Amin, Hatem M. A. Qadir, Rahman Abbas, Azhar Maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies |
| title | Maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies |
| title_full | Maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies |
| title_fullStr | Maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies |
| title_short | Maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies |
| title_sort | maleated hydroxyethyl cellulose for the efficient removal of cd(ii) ions from an aqueous solution: isothermal, kinetic and regeneration studies |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113618/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113618/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113618/ |