Betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza A virus
Seasonal influenza affects millions of lives worldwide, with the influenza A virus (IAV) responsible for pandemics and annual epidemics, causing the most severe illnesses resulting in patient hospitalizations or death. With IAV threatening the next global influenza pandemic, it is a race against tim...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113451/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113451/1/113451.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848866227422756864 |
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| author | Lim, Chie Min Lal, Sunil Kumar Isa, Nurulfiza Mat Omar, Abdul Rahman Choo, Wee Sim |
| author_facet | Lim, Chie Min Lal, Sunil Kumar Isa, Nurulfiza Mat Omar, Abdul Rahman Choo, Wee Sim |
| author_sort | Lim, Chie Min |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Seasonal influenza affects millions of lives worldwide, with the influenza A virus (IAV) responsible for pandemics and annual epidemics, causing the most severe illnesses resulting in patient hospitalizations or death. With IAV threatening the next global influenza pandemic, it is a race against time to search for antiviral drugs. Betacyanins are unique nitrogen-containing and water-soluble reddish-violet pigments that have been reported to possess antiviral properties against the dengue virus. This study aimed to examine the antiviral effect of betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on IAV-infected lung epithelial A549 cells. HPLC and LC-MS analysis of extracted betacyanin showed four betacyanins in the betacyanin fraction: phyllocactin, hylocerenin, betanin, and isobetanin. Cytotoxicity assay showed that betacyanin fractions were not cytotoxic to A549 cells at concentrations below 100 μg/mL. Betacyanin fraction concentrations of 12.5, 25.0, and 50.0 μg/mL prevented the formation of viral cytopathic effect and reduced virus titer in IAV-infected cells up to 72 h. A downregulation of protein and mRNA nucleoprotein expression levels was observed after treatment with 25.0 and 50.0 μg/mL of betacyanin fraction after 24 h, thereby providing evidence for the antiviral activity of betacyanin from red pitahaya against IAV in vitro. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:17:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-113451 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:17:15Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1134512024-11-25T05:00:26Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113451/ Betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza A virus Lim, Chie Min Lal, Sunil Kumar Isa, Nurulfiza Mat Omar, Abdul Rahman Choo, Wee Sim Seasonal influenza affects millions of lives worldwide, with the influenza A virus (IAV) responsible for pandemics and annual epidemics, causing the most severe illnesses resulting in patient hospitalizations or death. With IAV threatening the next global influenza pandemic, it is a race against time to search for antiviral drugs. Betacyanins are unique nitrogen-containing and water-soluble reddish-violet pigments that have been reported to possess antiviral properties against the dengue virus. This study aimed to examine the antiviral effect of betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on IAV-infected lung epithelial A549 cells. HPLC and LC-MS analysis of extracted betacyanin showed four betacyanins in the betacyanin fraction: phyllocactin, hylocerenin, betanin, and isobetanin. Cytotoxicity assay showed that betacyanin fractions were not cytotoxic to A549 cells at concentrations below 100 μg/mL. Betacyanin fraction concentrations of 12.5, 25.0, and 50.0 μg/mL prevented the formation of viral cytopathic effect and reduced virus titer in IAV-infected cells up to 72 h. A downregulation of protein and mRNA nucleoprotein expression levels was observed after treatment with 25.0 and 50.0 μg/mL of betacyanin fraction after 24 h, thereby providing evidence for the antiviral activity of betacyanin from red pitahaya against IAV in vitro. Elsevier 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113451/1/113451.pdf Lim, Chie Min and Lal, Sunil Kumar and Isa, Nurulfiza Mat and Omar, Abdul Rahman and Choo, Wee Sim (2024) Betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza A virus. Heliyon, 10 (12). art. no. e33049. pp. 1-14. ISSN 2405-8440; eISSN: 2405-8440 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2405844024090807 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33049 |
| spellingShingle | Lim, Chie Min Lal, Sunil Kumar Isa, Nurulfiza Mat Omar, Abdul Rahman Choo, Wee Sim Betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza A virus |
| title | Betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza A virus |
| title_full | Betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza A virus |
| title_fullStr | Betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza A virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza A virus |
| title_short | Betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza A virus |
| title_sort | betacyanins from red pitahaya (hylocereus polyrhizus) exhibit antiviral response against influenza a virus |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113451/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113451/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113451/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113451/1/113451.pdf |