Optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal
This study addresses the urgent need for effective water treatment methods by synthesizing and characterizing activated bentonite clay (ABC) adsorbents to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions efficiently. Conventional adsorbents often exhibit limitations in efficiency and regeneration c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113409/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113409/1/113409.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848866214557777920 |
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| author | Hamad, Hamad Noori Idrus, Syazwani Yusuf, Badronnisa Jamali, Nur Syakina Ahsan, Amimul Suhartini, Sri Abdul Wahab, Abdul Malek |
| author_facet | Hamad, Hamad Noori Idrus, Syazwani Yusuf, Badronnisa Jamali, Nur Syakina Ahsan, Amimul Suhartini, Sri Abdul Wahab, Abdul Malek |
| author_sort | Hamad, Hamad Noori |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | This study addresses the urgent need for effective water treatment methods by synthesizing and characterizing activated bentonite clay (ABC) adsorbents to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions efficiently. Conventional adsorbents often exhibit limitations in efficiency and regeneration capabilities, necessitating novel approaches to water treatment. The primary objective is synthesizing and characterizing high-quality ABC adsorbents capable of effectively removing MB. The activation process was optimized, and adsorbent performance was evaluated regarding MB removal efficiency and regeneration potential. Various activation dos-ages were investigated, and comprehensive physicochemical characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) analysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized adsorbents demonstrated exceptional MB removal efficiency (99.593%) and impressive adsorption capacity (22.131 mg/g) when activated with 16 M sodium hydroxide. The adsorption process exhibited spontaneity and exothermicity, as validated by Freundlich and second-order kinetic models. Furthermore, the adsorbents showcased successful regeneration and reusability over three cycles, highlighting their potential for long-term application in water treatment. This study significantly advances water treatment by offering a novel approach to MB removal using base-activated bentonite clay (BABC) adsorbents, contributing to the development of sustainable water treatment solutions. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:17:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-113409 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:17:03Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1134092024-11-22T08:27:16Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113409/ Optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal Hamad, Hamad Noori Idrus, Syazwani Yusuf, Badronnisa Jamali, Nur Syakina Ahsan, Amimul Suhartini, Sri Abdul Wahab, Abdul Malek This study addresses the urgent need for effective water treatment methods by synthesizing and characterizing activated bentonite clay (ABC) adsorbents to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions efficiently. Conventional adsorbents often exhibit limitations in efficiency and regeneration capabilities, necessitating novel approaches to water treatment. The primary objective is synthesizing and characterizing high-quality ABC adsorbents capable of effectively removing MB. The activation process was optimized, and adsorbent performance was evaluated regarding MB removal efficiency and regeneration potential. Various activation dos-ages were investigated, and comprehensive physicochemical characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) analysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized adsorbents demonstrated exceptional MB removal efficiency (99.593%) and impressive adsorption capacity (22.131 mg/g) when activated with 16 M sodium hydroxide. The adsorption process exhibited spontaneity and exothermicity, as validated by Freundlich and second-order kinetic models. Furthermore, the adsorbents showcased successful regeneration and reusability over three cycles, highlighting their potential for long-term application in water treatment. This study significantly advances water treatment by offering a novel approach to MB removal using base-activated bentonite clay (BABC) adsorbents, contributing to the development of sustainable water treatment solutions. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113409/1/113409.pdf Hamad, Hamad Noori and Idrus, Syazwani and Yusuf, Badronnisa and Jamali, Nur Syakina and Ahsan, Amimul and Suhartini, Sri and Abdul Wahab, Abdul Malek (2024) Optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal. Processes, 12 (4). art. no. 738. pp. 1-27. ISSN 2227-9717; eISSN: 2227-9717 https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/12/4/738 10.3390/pr12040738 |
| spellingShingle | Hamad, Hamad Noori Idrus, Syazwani Yusuf, Badronnisa Jamali, Nur Syakina Ahsan, Amimul Suhartini, Sri Abdul Wahab, Abdul Malek Optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal |
| title | Optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal |
| title_full | Optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal |
| title_fullStr | Optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal |
| title_short | Optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal |
| title_sort | optimized bentonite clay adsorbents for methylene blue removal |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113409/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113409/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113409/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113409/1/113409.pdf |