Optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions
The feasibility of using palm oil fractions as cheap and abundant sources of raw material for the synthesis of amino acid surfactants was investigated. Of a number of enzymes screened, the best results were obtained with the immobilized enzyme, Lipozyme. The effects of temperature, solvent, incubati...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2003
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111852/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111852/3/111852.pdf |
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| author | Ee, Lin Soo Salleh, Abu Bakar Basri, Mahiran Raja Abdul Rahman, Raja Noor Zaliha Kamaruddin, Kamarulzaman |
| author_facet | Ee, Lin Soo Salleh, Abu Bakar Basri, Mahiran Raja Abdul Rahman, Raja Noor Zaliha Kamaruddin, Kamarulzaman |
| author_sort | Ee, Lin Soo |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The feasibility of using palm oil fractions as cheap and abundant sources of raw material for the synthesis of amino acid surfactants was investigated. Of a number of enzymes screened, the best results were obtained with the immobilized enzyme, Lipozyme. The effects of temperature, solvent, incubation period, fatty substrate/amino acid molar ratio, enzyme amount, and water removal on the reactions were analyzed and compared to those on reactions with free fatty acids and pure triglycerides as fatty substrates. All reactions were most efficient when carried out at high temperatures (70–80°C) in hexane as a solvent. However, while reactions with free fatty acids proceeded better when a slight excess of the free fatty acids over the amino acids was used, reactions with triglycerides and palm oil fractions were best performed at equimolar ratios. Also, the addition of molecular sieves slightly enhanced reactions with free fatty acids but adversely affected reactions with triglycerides and palm oil fractions. Although reactions with palm oil fractions took longer (6 d) to reach equilibrium compared to reactions with free fatty acids (4 d) and pure triglycerides (4 d), better yields were obtained. Such lipase-catalyzed transacylation of palm oil fractions with amino acids is potentially useful in the production of mixed medium- to long-chain surfactants for specific applications. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:10:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-111852 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:10:24Z |
| publishDate | 2003 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1118522025-03-12T07:29:03Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111852/ Optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions Ee, Lin Soo Salleh, Abu Bakar Basri, Mahiran Raja Abdul Rahman, Raja Noor Zaliha Kamaruddin, Kamarulzaman The feasibility of using palm oil fractions as cheap and abundant sources of raw material for the synthesis of amino acid surfactants was investigated. Of a number of enzymes screened, the best results were obtained with the immobilized enzyme, Lipozyme. The effects of temperature, solvent, incubation period, fatty substrate/amino acid molar ratio, enzyme amount, and water removal on the reactions were analyzed and compared to those on reactions with free fatty acids and pure triglycerides as fatty substrates. All reactions were most efficient when carried out at high temperatures (70–80°C) in hexane as a solvent. However, while reactions with free fatty acids proceeded better when a slight excess of the free fatty acids over the amino acids was used, reactions with triglycerides and palm oil fractions were best performed at equimolar ratios. Also, the addition of molecular sieves slightly enhanced reactions with free fatty acids but adversely affected reactions with triglycerides and palm oil fractions. Although reactions with palm oil fractions took longer (6 d) to reach equilibrium compared to reactions with free fatty acids (4 d) and pure triglycerides (4 d), better yields were obtained. Such lipase-catalyzed transacylation of palm oil fractions with amino acids is potentially useful in the production of mixed medium- to long-chain surfactants for specific applications. Elsevier 2003 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111852/3/111852.pdf Ee, Lin Soo and Salleh, Abu Bakar and Basri, Mahiran and Raja Abdul Rahman, Raja Noor Zaliha and Kamaruddin, Kamarulzaman (2003) Optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 95 (4). pp. 361-367. ISSN 1389-1723; eISSN: 1347-4421 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1389172303800683 10.1263/jbb.95.361 |
| spellingShingle | Ee, Lin Soo Salleh, Abu Bakar Basri, Mahiran Raja Abdul Rahman, Raja Noor Zaliha Kamaruddin, Kamarulzaman Optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions |
| title | Optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions |
| title_full | Optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions |
| title_short | Optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions |
| title_sort | optimization of the enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants from palm oil fractions |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111852/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111852/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111852/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111852/3/111852.pdf |