Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: acute toxicity study in ICR mice
Background: Studies have reported that the phytochemical content of Mulberry (Morus alba Linn.) is influenced by the area where it grows. On the other hand, the study of the bioactivity and toxicity of mulberry leaves from Brunei Darussalam still needs to be completed. In particular, the investigati...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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ScopeMed
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111523/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111523/1/OVJ-%20Morus%20alba-%20paper%201.pdf |
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| author | Fauzi, Ahmad Kifli, Nurolaini Noor, Mohd Hamzah, Hazilawati Azlan, Azrina |
| author_facet | Fauzi, Ahmad Kifli, Nurolaini Noor, Mohd Hamzah, Hazilawati Azlan, Azrina |
| author_sort | Fauzi, Ahmad |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background: Studies have reported that the phytochemical content of Mulberry (Morus alba Linn.) is influenced by the area where it grows. On the other hand, the study of the bioactivity and toxicity of mulberry leaves from Brunei Darussalam still needs to be completed. In particular, the investigation regarding the safe dose for Mulberry’s application from Brunei Darussalam has yet to be studied. Hence, toxicity information must be considered even though the community has used it for generations. Aim: This study investigated Morus alba ethanolic leaf extract (MAE) to observe the acute toxicity in mice. Methods: In particular, this study utilized 12 female Institute of Cancer Research mice, 8 weeks old, divided into 2 groups: the control group and the MAE group (2,000 mg/kg single dose). Physiology, hematology, biochemistry, and histology were analyzed during the study. Results: The examination result indicated no mortality and behavioral changes throughout the testing period. However, the mice developed mild anemia and leukopenia, followed by decreased numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. In addition, the mice developed a mild hepatocellular injury, indicated by significant (p < 0.05) elevations of both alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). The histopathological findings of the liver were also consistent with the increment of ALT and AST, indicating mild hepatocellular necrosis through the eosinophilic cytoplasm and pyknosis (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was evident that a single oral administration of MAE was not lethal for mice (LD50, which was higher than 2,000 mg/kg). However, the administration of high doses of MAE must be carefully considered. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:09:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-111523 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:09:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | ScopeMed |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1115232024-07-29T08:41:36Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111523/ Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: acute toxicity study in ICR mice Fauzi, Ahmad Kifli, Nurolaini Noor, Mohd Hamzah, Hazilawati Azlan, Azrina Background: Studies have reported that the phytochemical content of Mulberry (Morus alba Linn.) is influenced by the area where it grows. On the other hand, the study of the bioactivity and toxicity of mulberry leaves from Brunei Darussalam still needs to be completed. In particular, the investigation regarding the safe dose for Mulberry’s application from Brunei Darussalam has yet to be studied. Hence, toxicity information must be considered even though the community has used it for generations. Aim: This study investigated Morus alba ethanolic leaf extract (MAE) to observe the acute toxicity in mice. Methods: In particular, this study utilized 12 female Institute of Cancer Research mice, 8 weeks old, divided into 2 groups: the control group and the MAE group (2,000 mg/kg single dose). Physiology, hematology, biochemistry, and histology were analyzed during the study. Results: The examination result indicated no mortality and behavioral changes throughout the testing period. However, the mice developed mild anemia and leukopenia, followed by decreased numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. In addition, the mice developed a mild hepatocellular injury, indicated by significant (p < 0.05) elevations of both alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). The histopathological findings of the liver were also consistent with the increment of ALT and AST, indicating mild hepatocellular necrosis through the eosinophilic cytoplasm and pyknosis (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was evident that a single oral administration of MAE was not lethal for mice (LD50, which was higher than 2,000 mg/kg). However, the administration of high doses of MAE must be carefully considered. ScopeMed 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111523/1/OVJ-%20Morus%20alba-%20paper%201.pdf Fauzi, Ahmad and Kifli, Nurolaini and Noor, Mohd and Hamzah, Hazilawati and Azlan, Azrina (2024) Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: acute toxicity study in ICR mice. Open Veterinary Journal, 14 (3). pp. 750-758. ISSN 22264485; EISSN: 22186050 https://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=165489 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i3.1 |
| spellingShingle | Fauzi, Ahmad Kifli, Nurolaini Noor, Mohd Hamzah, Hazilawati Azlan, Azrina Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: acute toxicity study in ICR mice |
| title | Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: acute toxicity study in ICR mice |
| title_full | Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: acute toxicity study in ICR mice |
| title_fullStr | Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: acute toxicity study in ICR mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: acute toxicity study in ICR mice |
| title_short | Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: acute toxicity study in ICR mice |
| title_sort | hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the morus alba l. leaf extract from brunei darussalam: acute toxicity study in icr mice |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111523/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111523/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111523/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/111523/1/OVJ-%20Morus%20alba-%20paper%201.pdf |