Lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study
Infant formulas (IFs) are prevalent alternatives for human milk (HM), although their comparative lipid profiles have not been fully investigated. We adopted lipidomics to analyze and compare in-depth the lipid patterns of HM and IFs. The results indicated that the distribution of fatty acids (FAs) a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2023
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108899/ |
| _version_ | 1848865231277654016 |
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| author | Wu, Danjie Zhang, Le Zhang, Yan Shi, Jiachen Tan, Chin Ping Zheng, Zhaojun Liu, Yuanfa |
| author_facet | Wu, Danjie Zhang, Le Zhang, Yan Shi, Jiachen Tan, Chin Ping Zheng, Zhaojun Liu, Yuanfa |
| author_sort | Wu, Danjie |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Infant formulas (IFs) are prevalent alternatives for human milk (HM), although their comparative lipid profiles have not been fully investigated. We adopted lipidomics to analyze and compare in-depth the lipid patterns of HM and IFs. The results indicated that the distribution of fatty acids (FAs) and the structure of triacylglycerols varied substantially in the analyzed samples. A total number of 425 species were identified during the analysis. HM was abundant in triacylglycerols that contained unsaturated and long-chain FAs (>C13), while triacylglycerols in IFs were mainly comprised of saturated and medium-chain FAs (C8−C13). Higher levels of sphingomyelin were observed in HM. Furthermore, HM and IF1 contained 67 significantly differential lipids (SDLs), and 73 were identified between HM and IF2. These SDLs were closely associated with nine metabolic pathways, of which the most significant was the glycerophospholipid metabolism. The results shed light on the differences between the lipid profiles of human and infant formula milks, and provide support for designing Chinese infant formula. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:01:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-108899 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T14:01:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1088992024-09-26T07:26:47Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108899/ Lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study Wu, Danjie Zhang, Le Zhang, Yan Shi, Jiachen Tan, Chin Ping Zheng, Zhaojun Liu, Yuanfa Infant formulas (IFs) are prevalent alternatives for human milk (HM), although their comparative lipid profiles have not been fully investigated. We adopted lipidomics to analyze and compare in-depth the lipid patterns of HM and IFs. The results indicated that the distribution of fatty acids (FAs) and the structure of triacylglycerols varied substantially in the analyzed samples. A total number of 425 species were identified during the analysis. HM was abundant in triacylglycerols that contained unsaturated and long-chain FAs (>C13), while triacylglycerols in IFs were mainly comprised of saturated and medium-chain FAs (C8−C13). Higher levels of sphingomyelin were observed in HM. Furthermore, HM and IF1 contained 67 significantly differential lipids (SDLs), and 73 were identified between HM and IF2. These SDLs were closely associated with nine metabolic pathways, of which the most significant was the glycerophospholipid metabolism. The results shed light on the differences between the lipid profiles of human and infant formula milks, and provide support for designing Chinese infant formula. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2023-02-01 Article PeerReviewed Wu, Danjie and Zhang, Le and Zhang, Yan and Shi, Jiachen and Tan, Chin Ping and Zheng, Zhaojun and Liu, Yuanfa (2023) Lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study. Foods, 12 (3). art. no. 600. pp. 1-19. ISSN 2304-8158 https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/3/600 10.3390/foods12030600 |
| spellingShingle | Wu, Danjie Zhang, Le Zhang, Yan Shi, Jiachen Tan, Chin Ping Zheng, Zhaojun Liu, Yuanfa Lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study |
| title | Lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study |
| title_full | Lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study |
| title_fullStr | Lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study |
| title_short | Lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study |
| title_sort | lipid profiles of human milk and infant formulas: a comparative lipidomics study |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108899/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108899/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108899/ |