Emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via pH adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products
The application of emulsion gels as animal fat replacers in meat products has been focused on due to their unique physicochemical properties. The electrostatic interaction between proteins and polysaccharides could influence emulsion gel stability. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2023
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107670/ |
| _version_ | 1848864959717441536 |
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| author | Asyrul-Izhar, Abu Bakar Bakar, Jamilah Sazili, Awis Qurni Goh, Yong Meng Ismail-Fitry, Mohammad Rashedi |
| author_facet | Asyrul-Izhar, Abu Bakar Bakar, Jamilah Sazili, Awis Qurni Goh, Yong Meng Ismail-Fitry, Mohammad Rashedi |
| author_sort | Asyrul-Izhar, Abu Bakar |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The application of emulsion gels as animal fat replacers in meat products has been focused on due to their unique physicochemical properties. The electrostatic interaction between proteins and polysaccharides could influence emulsion gel stability. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties of emulsion gels using starch and gelatin as stabilizers, promoting electrostatic attraction via pH adjustment. Three systems were studied: emulsion gel A (EGA) and emulsion gel B (EGB), which have positive and negative net charges that promote electrostatic interaction, and emulsion gel C (EGC), whose charge equals the isoelectric point and does not promote electrostatic interactions. There was no significant difference in proximate analysis, syneresis and thermal stability between samples, while EGA and EGB had higher pH values than EGC. The lightness (L*) value was higher in EGA and EGB, while the yellowness (b*) value was the highest in EGC. The smaller particle size (p < 0.05) in EGA and EGB also resulted in higher gel strength, hardness and oxidative stability. Microscopic images showed that EGA and EGB had a more uniform matrix structure. X-ray diffraction demonstrated that all the emulsion gels crystallized in a β′ polymorph form. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed a single characteristic peak was detected in both the melting and cooling curves for all the emulsion gels, which indicated that the fat exists in a single polymorphic state. All emulsion gels presented a high amount of unsaturated fatty acids and reduced saturated fat by up to 11%. Therefore, the emulsion gels (EGA and EGB) that favored the electrostatic protein-polysaccharide interactions are suitable to be used as fat replacers in meat products. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:57:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-107670 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:57:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1076702024-10-07T01:30:42Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107670/ Emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via pH adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products Asyrul-Izhar, Abu Bakar Bakar, Jamilah Sazili, Awis Qurni Goh, Yong Meng Ismail-Fitry, Mohammad Rashedi The application of emulsion gels as animal fat replacers in meat products has been focused on due to their unique physicochemical properties. The electrostatic interaction between proteins and polysaccharides could influence emulsion gel stability. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties of emulsion gels using starch and gelatin as stabilizers, promoting electrostatic attraction via pH adjustment. Three systems were studied: emulsion gel A (EGA) and emulsion gel B (EGB), which have positive and negative net charges that promote electrostatic interaction, and emulsion gel C (EGC), whose charge equals the isoelectric point and does not promote electrostatic interactions. There was no significant difference in proximate analysis, syneresis and thermal stability between samples, while EGA and EGB had higher pH values than EGC. The lightness (L*) value was higher in EGA and EGB, while the yellowness (b*) value was the highest in EGC. The smaller particle size (p < 0.05) in EGA and EGB also resulted in higher gel strength, hardness and oxidative stability. Microscopic images showed that EGA and EGB had a more uniform matrix structure. X-ray diffraction demonstrated that all the emulsion gels crystallized in a β′ polymorph form. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed a single characteristic peak was detected in both the melting and cooling curves for all the emulsion gels, which indicated that the fat exists in a single polymorphic state. All emulsion gels presented a high amount of unsaturated fatty acids and reduced saturated fat by up to 11%. Therefore, the emulsion gels (EGA and EGB) that favored the electrostatic protein-polysaccharide interactions are suitable to be used as fat replacers in meat products. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2023-01-07 Article PeerReviewed Asyrul-Izhar, Abu Bakar and Bakar, Jamilah and Sazili, Awis Qurni and Goh, Yong Meng and Ismail-Fitry, Mohammad Rashedi (2023) Emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via pH adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products. Gels, 9 (1). pp. 50-19. ISSN 2310-2861 https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/1/50 10.3390/gels9010050 |
| spellingShingle | Asyrul-Izhar, Abu Bakar Bakar, Jamilah Sazili, Awis Qurni Goh, Yong Meng Ismail-Fitry, Mohammad Rashedi Emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via pH adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products |
| title | Emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via pH adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products |
| title_full | Emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via pH adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products |
| title_fullStr | Emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via pH adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via pH adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products |
| title_short | Emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via pH adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products |
| title_sort | emulsion gels formed by electrostatic interaction of gelatine and modified corn starch via ph adjustments: potential fat replacers in meat products |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107670/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107670/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107670/ |