Evaluating Bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge
The accumulation of nitrogen compounds in shrimp farming water and effluent presents a major challenge. Ammonia is a form of nitrogen that limits shrimp growth due to its potential toxicity and effects on shrimp health and water quality. This study is aimed at identifying promising bioremediators fr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Springer Science and Business Media LLC
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106279/ |
| _version_ | 1848864734486462464 |
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| author | Jasmin, M. Y. Isa, N. Mat Kamarudin, M.S. Lim, K.C. Karim, Murni |
| author_facet | Jasmin, M. Y. Isa, N. Mat Kamarudin, M.S. Lim, K.C. Karim, Murni |
| author_sort | Jasmin, M. Y. |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The accumulation of nitrogen compounds in shrimp farming water and effluent presents a major challenge. Ammonia is a form of nitrogen that limits shrimp growth due to its potential toxicity and effects on shrimp health and water quality. This study is aimed at identifying promising bioremediators from shrimp pond sludge to mitigate ammonia levels in both culture water and wastewater and at determining major bacterial communities in sludge using metagenomic analysis. A sludge sample was collected from a shrimp pond in Selangor, Malaysia, to isolate potential ammonia-removing bacteria. Out of 64 isolated strains, Bacillus flexus SS2 showed the highest growth in synthetic basal media (SBM) containing ammonium sulfate at a concentration of 70 mg/L as the sole nitrogen source. The strain was then incubated in SBM with varying pH levels and showed optimal growth at pH 6.5–7. After 24 h of incubation, B. flexus SS2 reduced the ammonia concentration from an initial concentration of 5 to 0.01 mg/L, indicating a 99.61 reduction rate, which was highest in SBM at pH 7. Moreover, the strain showed ammonia removal ability at concentrations ranging from 5 to 70 mg/L. Metagenomic analysis revealed that Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in the sludge, followed by Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloraflexi, Firmicutes, and Campilobacterota. Bacillus flexus SS2 belongs to the Bacillota phylum and has the potential to serve as a bioremediator for removing ammonia from shrimp culture water and wastewater. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:53:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-106279 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:53:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1062792024-05-12T13:27:05Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106279/ Evaluating Bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge Jasmin, M. Y. Isa, N. Mat Kamarudin, M.S. Lim, K.C. Karim, Murni The accumulation of nitrogen compounds in shrimp farming water and effluent presents a major challenge. Ammonia is a form of nitrogen that limits shrimp growth due to its potential toxicity and effects on shrimp health and water quality. This study is aimed at identifying promising bioremediators from shrimp pond sludge to mitigate ammonia levels in both culture water and wastewater and at determining major bacterial communities in sludge using metagenomic analysis. A sludge sample was collected from a shrimp pond in Selangor, Malaysia, to isolate potential ammonia-removing bacteria. Out of 64 isolated strains, Bacillus flexus SS2 showed the highest growth in synthetic basal media (SBM) containing ammonium sulfate at a concentration of 70 mg/L as the sole nitrogen source. The strain was then incubated in SBM with varying pH levels and showed optimal growth at pH 6.5–7. After 24 h of incubation, B. flexus SS2 reduced the ammonia concentration from an initial concentration of 5 to 0.01 mg/L, indicating a 99.61 reduction rate, which was highest in SBM at pH 7. Moreover, the strain showed ammonia removal ability at concentrations ranging from 5 to 70 mg/L. Metagenomic analysis revealed that Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in the sludge, followed by Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloraflexi, Firmicutes, and Campilobacterota. Bacillus flexus SS2 belongs to the Bacillota phylum and has the potential to serve as a bioremediator for removing ammonia from shrimp culture water and wastewater. Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2024-03 Article PeerReviewed Jasmin, M. Y. and Isa, N. Mat and Kamarudin, M.S. and Lim, K.C. and Karim, Murni (2024) Evaluating Bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 55 (1). pp. 529-536. ISSN 1517-8382; ESSN: 1678-4405 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pits.23143 10.1007/s42770-024-01246-9 |
| spellingShingle | Jasmin, M. Y. Isa, N. Mat Kamarudin, M.S. Lim, K.C. Karim, Murni Evaluating Bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge |
| title | Evaluating Bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge |
| title_full | Evaluating Bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating Bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating Bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge |
| title_short | Evaluating Bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge |
| title_sort | evaluating bacillus flexus as bioremediators for ammonia removal in shrimp culture water and wastewater and characterizing microbial communities in shrimp pond sludge |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106279/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106279/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106279/ |