Removal of free fatty acid (FFA) in crude palm oil (CPO) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by Taguchi method
In this study, potassium oxide supported on dolomite adsorbent was used as an adsorbent for free fatty acids (FFAs) treatment in crude palm oil (CPO). The characteristics of the adsorbent were determined by TGA, XRD, SEM, BET and TPD-CO2. Taguchi method was utilized for experimental design and optim...
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Elsevier
2022
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103048/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103048/1/103048.pdf |
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| author | Nor Shafizah, I. Irmawati, R. Omar, Hishamuddin Yahaya, M. Alia Aina, A. |
| author_facet | Nor Shafizah, I. Irmawati, R. Omar, Hishamuddin Yahaya, M. Alia Aina, A. |
| author_sort | Nor Shafizah, I. |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | In this study, potassium oxide supported on dolomite adsorbent was used as an adsorbent for free fatty acids (FFAs) treatment in crude palm oil (CPO). The characteristics of the adsorbent were determined by TGA, XRD, SEM, BET and TPD-CO2. Taguchi method was utilized for experimental design and optimum condition determination. There were four parameters and three levels involved in this study: time (30, 60, 90 min), stirring rate (300, 500, 700 rpm), adsorbent dosage (1, 3, 5 wt%) and K2O concentration (5, 10, 15 wt%). The adsorbent had a larger pore size, higher basic strength, and more basic sites in greater efficiency (63%) in FFAs removal from CPO. The optimum conditions were at 30 min time, 700 rpm stirring rate, 5 wt% adsorbent dosage and 15 wt% K2O concentration. Taguchi method simplified determination of experimental parameters and minimized the operating costs. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:40:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-103048 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:40:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
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| spelling | upm-1030482025-07-16T07:07:27Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103048/ Removal of free fatty acid (FFA) in crude palm oil (CPO) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by Taguchi method Nor Shafizah, I. Irmawati, R. Omar, Hishamuddin Yahaya, M. Alia Aina, A. In this study, potassium oxide supported on dolomite adsorbent was used as an adsorbent for free fatty acids (FFAs) treatment in crude palm oil (CPO). The characteristics of the adsorbent were determined by TGA, XRD, SEM, BET and TPD-CO2. Taguchi method was utilized for experimental design and optimum condition determination. There were four parameters and three levels involved in this study: time (30, 60, 90 min), stirring rate (300, 500, 700 rpm), adsorbent dosage (1, 3, 5 wt%) and K2O concentration (5, 10, 15 wt%). The adsorbent had a larger pore size, higher basic strength, and more basic sites in greater efficiency (63%) in FFAs removal from CPO. The optimum conditions were at 30 min time, 700 rpm stirring rate, 5 wt% adsorbent dosage and 15 wt% K2O concentration. Taguchi method simplified determination of experimental parameters and minimized the operating costs. Elsevier 2022 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103048/1/103048.pdf Nor Shafizah, I. and Irmawati, R. and Omar, Hishamuddin and Yahaya, M. and Alia Aina, A. (2022) Removal of free fatty acid (FFA) in crude palm oil (CPO) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by Taguchi method. Food Chemistry, 373 (pt.B). art. no. 131668. pp. 1-6. ISSN 0308-8146 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814621026741?via%3Dihub 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131668 |
| spellingShingle | Nor Shafizah, I. Irmawati, R. Omar, Hishamuddin Yahaya, M. Alia Aina, A. Removal of free fatty acid (FFA) in crude palm oil (CPO) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by Taguchi method |
| title | Removal of free fatty acid (FFA) in crude palm oil (CPO) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by Taguchi method |
| title_full | Removal of free fatty acid (FFA) in crude palm oil (CPO) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by Taguchi method |
| title_fullStr | Removal of free fatty acid (FFA) in crude palm oil (CPO) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by Taguchi method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Removal of free fatty acid (FFA) in crude palm oil (CPO) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by Taguchi method |
| title_short | Removal of free fatty acid (FFA) in crude palm oil (CPO) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by Taguchi method |
| title_sort | removal of free fatty acid (ffa) in crude palm oil (cpo) using potassium oxide/dolomite as an adsorbent: optimization by taguchi method |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103048/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103048/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103048/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103048/1/103048.pdf |