Translation and validation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
The translation and validation process of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5) into Malay is still not yet available. This study is the first psychometric evaluation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 in a sample of 127 primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated the internal cons...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI
2022
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102503/ |
| _version_ | 1848863813855608832 |
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| author | Suhaimi, Aida Farhana Mohamed Makki, Shahidah Tan, Kit Aun Adzlin Silim, Umi Ibrahim, Normala |
| author_facet | Suhaimi, Aida Farhana Mohamed Makki, Shahidah Tan, Kit Aun Adzlin Silim, Umi Ibrahim, Normala |
| author_sort | Suhaimi, Aida Farhana |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The translation and validation process of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5) into Malay is still not yet available. This study is the first psychometric evaluation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 in a sample of 127 primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated the internal consistency and 5-week test–retest reliability of the WHO-5 Malay, and three aspects of its validity—first, the factorial validity in relation to the factor structure of the WHO-5 Malay; second, the concurrent validity in relation to depression and diabetes-related distress; and third, the convergent validity in relation to diabetes management self-efficacy and diabetes self-care behaviors. This study had two phases. Phase 1 involved the translation of the WHO-5 into Malay language following established procedures, whereas Phase 2 involved the validation of the WHO-5 Malay. Excellent internal consistency and 5-week test–retest reliability estimates were obtained. The factorial validity of the WHO-5 was found to be unidimensional. As for concurrent validity, the WHO-5 Malay was found to be negatively correlated with depression and diabetes-related distress. The WHO-5 was found to be correlated with diabetes management self-efficacy and diabetes self-care behaviors, thereby establishing convergent validity. The WHO-5 Malay has reliable and valid psychometric properties and represents a promising tool that informs healthcare providers in making effective and holistic diabetes management. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:38:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-102503 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:38:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1025032023-06-22T02:13:37Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102503/ Translation and validation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients Suhaimi, Aida Farhana Mohamed Makki, Shahidah Tan, Kit Aun Adzlin Silim, Umi Ibrahim, Normala The translation and validation process of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5) into Malay is still not yet available. This study is the first psychometric evaluation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 in a sample of 127 primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated the internal consistency and 5-week test–retest reliability of the WHO-5 Malay, and three aspects of its validity—first, the factorial validity in relation to the factor structure of the WHO-5 Malay; second, the concurrent validity in relation to depression and diabetes-related distress; and third, the convergent validity in relation to diabetes management self-efficacy and diabetes self-care behaviors. This study had two phases. Phase 1 involved the translation of the WHO-5 into Malay language following established procedures, whereas Phase 2 involved the validation of the WHO-5 Malay. Excellent internal consistency and 5-week test–retest reliability estimates were obtained. The factorial validity of the WHO-5 was found to be unidimensional. As for concurrent validity, the WHO-5 Malay was found to be negatively correlated with depression and diabetes-related distress. The WHO-5 was found to be correlated with diabetes management self-efficacy and diabetes self-care behaviors, thereby establishing convergent validity. The WHO-5 Malay has reliable and valid psychometric properties and represents a promising tool that informs healthcare providers in making effective and holistic diabetes management. MDPI 2022-04-06 Article PeerReviewed Suhaimi, Aida Farhana and Mohamed Makki, Shahidah and Tan, Kit Aun and Adzlin Silim, Umi and Ibrahim, Normala (2022) Translation and validation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (7). art. no. 4415. pp. 1-15. ISSN 1660-4601 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph 10.3390/ijerph19074415 |
| spellingShingle | Suhaimi, Aida Farhana Mohamed Makki, Shahidah Tan, Kit Aun Adzlin Silim, Umi Ibrahim, Normala Translation and validation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
| title | Translation and validation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
| title_full | Translation and validation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
| title_fullStr | Translation and validation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Translation and validation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
| title_short | Translation and validation of the Malay version of the WHO-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
| title_sort | translation and validation of the malay version of the who-5 well-being index: reliability and validity evidence from a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102503/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102503/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102503/ |