Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study
Introduction: The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in December 2019 called for a rapid solution, leading to repurposing of existing drugs. Due to its immunomodulatory effect and antiviral properties, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used in early 2020 for treatment of COVID-19 patients....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia
2022
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101756/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101756/1/2023032211275502_MJMHS_0551.pdf |
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| author | Wen, Chung Ho Yong, Wei Xin How, Kang Nien Khalid, Khairil Erwan Zulkifli, Shazwani Idris, Salmah |
| author_facet | Wen, Chung Ho Yong, Wei Xin How, Kang Nien Khalid, Khairil Erwan Zulkifli, Shazwani Idris, Salmah |
| author_sort | Wen, Chung Ho |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Introduction: The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in December 2019 called for a rapid solution, leading to repurposing of existing drugs. Due to its immunomodulatory effect and antiviral properties, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used in early 2020 for treatment of COVID-19 patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the treatment outcome of HCQ monotherapy in Malaysia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in COVID-19 ward in Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL), from March to April 2020. A total of 446 COVID-19 patients were recruited, only 325 patients were finally included for analysis. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS, with a significant value set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients were 38.5 ±15.5. They were majority male, (n=210, 64.6%) Malaysian (n=239, 73.5%) and Malay ethnicity (n=204, 62.8%). Ninety-one (28%) patients received HCQ monotherapy. HCQ monotherapy was associated with worse outcome (OR: 10.29, 95% CI 1.17-90.80). There was a significant difference in mean length of stay between those with and without HCQ treatment (t323=5.868, p<0.001, 95% CI, 2.56-5.31). The average length of stay for HCQ treated group was 3.84 days longer than those without treatment. 6.6% of the patient receiving HCQ monotherapy encountered adverse drug effects. Conclusion: Similar to study reported worldwide, our study demonstrated that HCQ did not improve length of stay and the outcome of COVID-19 patients. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:35:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-101756 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:35:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1017562024-04-30T03:54:43Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101756/ Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study Wen, Chung Ho Yong, Wei Xin How, Kang Nien Khalid, Khairil Erwan Zulkifli, Shazwani Idris, Salmah Introduction: The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in December 2019 called for a rapid solution, leading to repurposing of existing drugs. Due to its immunomodulatory effect and antiviral properties, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used in early 2020 for treatment of COVID-19 patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the treatment outcome of HCQ monotherapy in Malaysia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in COVID-19 ward in Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL), from March to April 2020. A total of 446 COVID-19 patients were recruited, only 325 patients were finally included for analysis. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS, with a significant value set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients were 38.5 ±15.5. They were majority male, (n=210, 64.6%) Malaysian (n=239, 73.5%) and Malay ethnicity (n=204, 62.8%). Ninety-one (28%) patients received HCQ monotherapy. HCQ monotherapy was associated with worse outcome (OR: 10.29, 95% CI 1.17-90.80). There was a significant difference in mean length of stay between those with and without HCQ treatment (t323=5.868, p<0.001, 95% CI, 2.56-5.31). The average length of stay for HCQ treated group was 3.84 days longer than those without treatment. 6.6% of the patient receiving HCQ monotherapy encountered adverse drug effects. Conclusion: Similar to study reported worldwide, our study demonstrated that HCQ did not improve length of stay and the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia 2022 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101756/1/2023032211275502_MJMHS_0551.pdf Wen, Chung Ho and Yong, Wei Xin and How, Kang Nien and Khalid, Khairil Erwan and Zulkifli, Shazwani and Idris, Salmah (2022) Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 19 (2). pp. 8-13. ISSN 1675-8544; ESSN: 2636-9346 https://medic.upm.edu.my/jurnal_kami/volume_19_2023/mjmhs_vol19_no_2_march_2023-72022 10.47836/mjmhs.19.2.3 |
| spellingShingle | Wen, Chung Ho Yong, Wei Xin How, Kang Nien Khalid, Khairil Erwan Zulkifli, Shazwani Idris, Salmah Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study |
| title | Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study |
| title_full | Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study |
| title_short | Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study |
| title_sort | hydroxychloroquine for covid-19: a single center, retrospective cohort study |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101756/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101756/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101756/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101756/1/2023032211275502_MJMHS_0551.pdf |