Factors influencing the practice of Smoking Cessation Assessment and Management among Primary Care Doctors (SCAAM-DOC) in three districts of Malaysia
Background Smoking prevalence remains high in Malaysia. Primary care doctors have a good opportunity to motivate the smokers to quit smoking in view of the accessibility of primary healthcare clinics to the public. The objective of this study was to determine the practice of smoking cessation manage...
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| Format: | Article |
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Public Library of Science (PLOS)
2022
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101487/ |
| _version_ | 1848863570915229696 |
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| author | Jee, Beatrice Ngee Ling Cheong, Ai Theng Abdul Manap, Abdul Hadi |
| author_facet | Jee, Beatrice Ngee Ling Cheong, Ai Theng Abdul Manap, Abdul Hadi |
| author_sort | Jee, Beatrice Ngee Ling |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background Smoking prevalence remains high in Malaysia. Primary care doctors have a good opportunity to motivate the smokers to quit smoking in view of the accessibility of primary healthcare clinics to the public. The objective of this study was to determine the practice of smoking cessation management among primary care doctors and its associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among 383 medical officers and interns in all government primary healthcare clinics in the district of Petaling, Klang and Hulu Langat from June to August 2020. All doctors were involved in the care of patients for smoking cessation. The knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking cessation management were assessed using a 17-items validated questionnaire which covered the components of 5As (Ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange) and 5Rs (Relevance, risk, reward, roadblocks, repetition). The management of pre-contemplation phase included the components of ask, advise, assess and 5Rs. The management of the contemplation phase included the components of assist and arrange. Result The majority of the respondents had poor score of knowledge (62.4%); attitude (58%) and practice (pre-contemplation management:50.9%; contemplation management:75.7%). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the significant factors associated with the poor practice of smoking cessation management in the pre-contemplation phase were poor (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.11–4.12, p <0.01) or moderate knowledge (OR = 2.50, 95% CI 1.19–5.26, p<0.01), poor attitude (OR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.39–3.37, p<0.01), lacks smoking cessation banners, brochures and leaflets in the clinic (OR = 2.01, 95%CI 1.26–3.19, p<0.01) and lack of nicotine replacement medications (OR = 2.27. 95%CI 1.27–4.06, p<0.01). No significant factors were shown associated with the practice of the contemplation phase. Conclusion The majority of primary care doctors had poor knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking cessation management. Factors that had increased the odds of the poor practice of smoking management at the pre-contemplation phase were poor knowledge, poor attitude, and insufficient organizational support for health promotion materials and nicotine replacement medication. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:35:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-101487 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:35:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLOS) |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1014872024-08-05T07:21:46Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101487/ Factors influencing the practice of Smoking Cessation Assessment and Management among Primary Care Doctors (SCAAM-DOC) in three districts of Malaysia Jee, Beatrice Ngee Ling Cheong, Ai Theng Abdul Manap, Abdul Hadi Background Smoking prevalence remains high in Malaysia. Primary care doctors have a good opportunity to motivate the smokers to quit smoking in view of the accessibility of primary healthcare clinics to the public. The objective of this study was to determine the practice of smoking cessation management among primary care doctors and its associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among 383 medical officers and interns in all government primary healthcare clinics in the district of Petaling, Klang and Hulu Langat from June to August 2020. All doctors were involved in the care of patients for smoking cessation. The knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking cessation management were assessed using a 17-items validated questionnaire which covered the components of 5As (Ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange) and 5Rs (Relevance, risk, reward, roadblocks, repetition). The management of pre-contemplation phase included the components of ask, advise, assess and 5Rs. The management of the contemplation phase included the components of assist and arrange. Result The majority of the respondents had poor score of knowledge (62.4%); attitude (58%) and practice (pre-contemplation management:50.9%; contemplation management:75.7%). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the significant factors associated with the poor practice of smoking cessation management in the pre-contemplation phase were poor (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.11–4.12, p <0.01) or moderate knowledge (OR = 2.50, 95% CI 1.19–5.26, p<0.01), poor attitude (OR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.39–3.37, p<0.01), lacks smoking cessation banners, brochures and leaflets in the clinic (OR = 2.01, 95%CI 1.26–3.19, p<0.01) and lack of nicotine replacement medications (OR = 2.27. 95%CI 1.27–4.06, p<0.01). No significant factors were shown associated with the practice of the contemplation phase. Conclusion The majority of primary care doctors had poor knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking cessation management. Factors that had increased the odds of the poor practice of smoking management at the pre-contemplation phase were poor knowledge, poor attitude, and insufficient organizational support for health promotion materials and nicotine replacement medication. Public Library of Science (PLOS) 2022 Article PeerReviewed Jee, Beatrice Ngee Ling and Cheong, Ai Theng and Abdul Manap, Abdul Hadi (2022) Factors influencing the practice of Smoking Cessation Assessment and Management among Primary Care Doctors (SCAAM-DOC) in three districts of Malaysia. PLoS One, 17 (9). 01-Dec. ISSN 1932-6203 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0274568 10.1371/journal.pone.0274568 |
| spellingShingle | Jee, Beatrice Ngee Ling Cheong, Ai Theng Abdul Manap, Abdul Hadi Factors influencing the practice of Smoking Cessation Assessment and Management among Primary Care Doctors (SCAAM-DOC) in three districts of Malaysia |
| title | Factors influencing the practice of Smoking Cessation Assessment and Management among Primary Care Doctors (SCAAM-DOC) in three districts of Malaysia |
| title_full | Factors influencing the practice of Smoking Cessation Assessment and Management among Primary Care Doctors (SCAAM-DOC) in three districts of Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Factors influencing the practice of Smoking Cessation Assessment and Management among Primary Care Doctors (SCAAM-DOC) in three districts of Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Factors influencing the practice of Smoking Cessation Assessment and Management among Primary Care Doctors (SCAAM-DOC) in three districts of Malaysia |
| title_short | Factors influencing the practice of Smoking Cessation Assessment and Management among Primary Care Doctors (SCAAM-DOC) in three districts of Malaysia |
| title_sort | factors influencing the practice of smoking cessation assessment and management among primary care doctors (scaam-doc) in three districts of malaysia |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101487/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101487/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101487/ |