Environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia pinnata oil
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel in many developing and developed countries worldwide. Biodiesel has significant and numerous economic, environmental, and social benefits. However, the problem with conventional biodiesel production is the high industrial production cost, mainly contributed by the ra...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101285/ |
| _version_ | 1848863529898082304 |
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| author | Sami, Hafiza Qurat ul Ain Hanif, Muhammad Asif Rashid, Umer Nisar, Shafaq Bhatti, Ijaz Ahmad Rokhum, Samuel Lalthazuala Tsubota, Toshiki Alsalme, Ali |
| author_facet | Sami, Hafiza Qurat ul Ain Hanif, Muhammad Asif Rashid, Umer Nisar, Shafaq Bhatti, Ijaz Ahmad Rokhum, Samuel Lalthazuala Tsubota, Toshiki Alsalme, Ali |
| author_sort | Sami, Hafiza Qurat ul Ain |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Biodiesel is an alternative fuel in many developing and developed countries worldwide. Biodiesel has significant and numerous economic, environmental, and social benefits. However, the problem with conventional biodiesel production is the high industrial production cost, mainly contributed by the raw materials. Therefore, catalysts and feedstock are essential in increasing total biodiesel production rates and minimizing production costs. Magnetic nano-catalysts play a crucial role in heterogeneous catalysis due to their easy recovery, recyclability, excellent selectivity, and fast reaction rates, owing to their larger surface area. This research activity used heterogeneous magnetic nano-catalysts of ICdO, ISnO, and their modified form, to produce biodiesel. The synthesized nano-catalysts were made through co-precipitation and found quite efficient for transesterifying Pongamia pinnata oil. The effect of various parameters on biodiesel yield in the presence of prepared magnetic nano-catalysts has been studied. In the transesterification supported by ISnO, high yield, i.e., 99%, was achieved after 2 h of reaction time at 60 °C. The nano-catalysts were magnetically recovered and reused 4–5 times without any change in their activity. All the synthesized magnetic nano-catalysts performed SEM analysis. Each fraction of the produced biodiesel was assessed for different quality parameters, and the results were per ASTM standards. The components present in biodiesel produced from Pongamia pinnata oil were determined by GCMS. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:34:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-101285 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:34:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1012852023-06-17T22:43:45Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101285/ Environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia pinnata oil Sami, Hafiza Qurat ul Ain Hanif, Muhammad Asif Rashid, Umer Nisar, Shafaq Bhatti, Ijaz Ahmad Rokhum, Samuel Lalthazuala Tsubota, Toshiki Alsalme, Ali Biodiesel is an alternative fuel in many developing and developed countries worldwide. Biodiesel has significant and numerous economic, environmental, and social benefits. However, the problem with conventional biodiesel production is the high industrial production cost, mainly contributed by the raw materials. Therefore, catalysts and feedstock are essential in increasing total biodiesel production rates and minimizing production costs. Magnetic nano-catalysts play a crucial role in heterogeneous catalysis due to their easy recovery, recyclability, excellent selectivity, and fast reaction rates, owing to their larger surface area. This research activity used heterogeneous magnetic nano-catalysts of ICdO, ISnO, and their modified form, to produce biodiesel. The synthesized nano-catalysts were made through co-precipitation and found quite efficient for transesterifying Pongamia pinnata oil. The effect of various parameters on biodiesel yield in the presence of prepared magnetic nano-catalysts has been studied. In the transesterification supported by ISnO, high yield, i.e., 99%, was achieved after 2 h of reaction time at 60 °C. The nano-catalysts were magnetically recovered and reused 4–5 times without any change in their activity. All the synthesized magnetic nano-catalysts performed SEM analysis. Each fraction of the produced biodiesel was assessed for different quality parameters, and the results were per ASTM standards. The components present in biodiesel produced from Pongamia pinnata oil were determined by GCMS. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2022-10-18 Article PeerReviewed Sami, Hafiza Qurat ul Ain and Hanif, Muhammad Asif and Rashid, Umer and Nisar, Shafaq and Bhatti, Ijaz Ahmad and Rokhum, Samuel Lalthazuala and Tsubota, Toshiki and Alsalme, Ali (2022) Environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia pinnata oil. Catalysts, 12 (10). art. no. 1266. pp. 1-14. ISSN 2076-3417 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/10/1266 10.3390/catal12101266 |
| spellingShingle | Sami, Hafiza Qurat ul Ain Hanif, Muhammad Asif Rashid, Umer Nisar, Shafaq Bhatti, Ijaz Ahmad Rokhum, Samuel Lalthazuala Tsubota, Toshiki Alsalme, Ali Environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia pinnata oil |
| title | Environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia pinnata oil |
| title_full | Environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia pinnata oil |
| title_fullStr | Environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia pinnata oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia pinnata oil |
| title_short | Environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia pinnata oil |
| title_sort | environmentally safe magnetic nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from pongamia pinnata oil |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101285/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101285/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101285/ |