Effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study
This study aims to compare the effect of different drying techniques (oven-, spray-, and freeze drying) on xanthone, a poorly aqueous-soluble bioactive compound, encapsulated by coacervation using gelatin and gum Arabic. Free-flowing spherical shape powders were produced except for freeze drying tha...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Taylor & Francis
2022
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101200/ |
| _version_ | 1848863515969847296 |
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| author | Ho, Li Yoke Lim, Yau Yan Tan, Chin Ping Siow, Lee Fong |
| author_facet | Ho, Li Yoke Lim, Yau Yan Tan, Chin Ping Siow, Lee Fong |
| author_sort | Ho, Li Yoke |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | This study aims to compare the effect of different drying techniques (oven-, spray-, and freeze drying) on xanthone, a poorly aqueous-soluble bioactive compound, encapsulated by coacervation using gelatin and gum Arabic. Free-flowing spherical shape powders were produced except for freeze drying that resulted in a stratified cell-like structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed no interaction between xanthone and wall material. Among the drying techniques, spray dried resulted in the lowest yield and encapsulation efficiency (EE) but the highest improvement (ninefold) in xanthone aqueous solubility from 2.6 µg/mL to 22.32 ± 5.99 µg/mL. Freeze drying resulted in the highest encapsulation yield (75.4%) and EE (68.2%). Besides the solubilizing effect of wall material, the drying technique demonstrates a significant effect (p < 0.05) on xanthone’s aqueous solubility. In summary, this study provides insights into the influence of drying techniques on the physicochemical properties of xanthone coacervates, which has potential usage in food and pharmaceutical industries. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:34:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-101200 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:34:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1012002024-08-05T07:37:52Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101200/ Effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study Ho, Li Yoke Lim, Yau Yan Tan, Chin Ping Siow, Lee Fong This study aims to compare the effect of different drying techniques (oven-, spray-, and freeze drying) on xanthone, a poorly aqueous-soluble bioactive compound, encapsulated by coacervation using gelatin and gum Arabic. Free-flowing spherical shape powders were produced except for freeze drying that resulted in a stratified cell-like structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed no interaction between xanthone and wall material. Among the drying techniques, spray dried resulted in the lowest yield and encapsulation efficiency (EE) but the highest improvement (ninefold) in xanthone aqueous solubility from 2.6 µg/mL to 22.32 ± 5.99 µg/mL. Freeze drying resulted in the highest encapsulation yield (75.4%) and EE (68.2%). Besides the solubilizing effect of wall material, the drying technique demonstrates a significant effect (p < 0.05) on xanthone’s aqueous solubility. In summary, this study provides insights into the influence of drying techniques on the physicochemical properties of xanthone coacervates, which has potential usage in food and pharmaceutical industries. Taylor & Francis 2022 Article PeerReviewed Ho, Li Yoke and Lim, Yau Yan and Tan, Chin Ping and Siow, Lee Fong (2022) Effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study. Drying Technology, 40 (3). 505 - 515. ISSN 0737-3937; ESSN: 1532-2300 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07373937.2020.1810697 10.1080/07373937.2020.1810697 |
| spellingShingle | Ho, Li Yoke Lim, Yau Yan Tan, Chin Ping Siow, Lee Fong Effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study |
| title | Effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study |
| title_full | Effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study |
| title_fullStr | Effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study |
| title_short | Effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study |
| title_sort | effects of spray-, oven-, and freeze drying on the physicochemical properties of poorly aqueous-soluble xanthone encapsulated by coacervation: a comparative study |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101200/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101200/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101200/ |