Effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of Bambusa beecheyana Munro
Nowadays, many studies focus on the potential of bamboo as a source of bioactive compounds and natural antioxidants for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and food sources. This study is a pioneering effort to determine the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and free radical scavenging acti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101173/ |
| _version_ | 1848863510013935616 |
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| author | Nuzul, Mohd. Izuddin Yi, Vivien Yi Mian Koo, Lee Feng Chan, Thye Huat Ang, Chung Huap Idris, Juferi Husen, Rafidah Wong, Siaw Wei |
| author_facet | Nuzul, Mohd. Izuddin Yi, Vivien Yi Mian Koo, Lee Feng Chan, Thye Huat Ang, Chung Huap Idris, Juferi Husen, Rafidah Wong, Siaw Wei |
| author_sort | Nuzul, Mohd. Izuddin |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Nowadays, many studies focus on the potential of bamboo as a source of bioactive compounds and natural antioxidants for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and food sources. This study is a pioneering effort to determine the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and free radical scavenging activity, as well as the phenolic identification and quantification of Bambusa beecheyana. The study was conducted by using ethanol, methanol, and water for solvent extraction by applying cold maceration, Soxhlet, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction techniques. The results showed that Soxhlet and ultrasonic-assisted Bambusa beecheyana culm extracts had an increase in the extract’s dry yield (1.13–8.81%) but a constant p-coumaric acid (4) content (0.00035 mg/g) as compared to the extracts from the cold maceration. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction method required only a small amount (250 mL) of solvent to extract the bamboo culms. A significant amount of total phenolics (107.65 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (43.89 ± 0.05 mg QE/g) were found in the Soxhlet methanol culm extract. The extract also possessed the most potent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 40.43 µg/mL as compared to the positive control, ascorbic acid. The UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS analysis was carried out on the Soxhlet methanol extract, ultrasonic-assisted extract at 40 min, and cold methanol extract. The analysis resulted in the putative identification of a total of five phenolics containing cinnamic acid derivatives. The two cinnamic acid derivatives, p-coumaric acid (4) and 4-methoxycinnamic acid (5), were then used as markers to quantify the concentration of both compounds in all the extracts. Both compounds were not found in the water extracts. These results revealed that the extract from Soxhlet methanol of Bambusa beecheyana could be a potential botanical source of natural antioxidants. This study provides an important chemical composition database for further preclinical research on Bambusa beecheyana. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:34:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-101173 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:34:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1011732023-09-21T03:56:06Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101173/ Effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of Bambusa beecheyana Munro Nuzul, Mohd. Izuddin Yi, Vivien Yi Mian Koo, Lee Feng Chan, Thye Huat Ang, Chung Huap Idris, Juferi Husen, Rafidah Wong, Siaw Wei Nowadays, many studies focus on the potential of bamboo as a source of bioactive compounds and natural antioxidants for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and food sources. This study is a pioneering effort to determine the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and free radical scavenging activity, as well as the phenolic identification and quantification of Bambusa beecheyana. The study was conducted by using ethanol, methanol, and water for solvent extraction by applying cold maceration, Soxhlet, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction techniques. The results showed that Soxhlet and ultrasonic-assisted Bambusa beecheyana culm extracts had an increase in the extract’s dry yield (1.13–8.81%) but a constant p-coumaric acid (4) content (0.00035 mg/g) as compared to the extracts from the cold maceration. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction method required only a small amount (250 mL) of solvent to extract the bamboo culms. A significant amount of total phenolics (107.65 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (43.89 ± 0.05 mg QE/g) were found in the Soxhlet methanol culm extract. The extract also possessed the most potent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 40.43 µg/mL as compared to the positive control, ascorbic acid. The UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS analysis was carried out on the Soxhlet methanol extract, ultrasonic-assisted extract at 40 min, and cold methanol extract. The analysis resulted in the putative identification of a total of five phenolics containing cinnamic acid derivatives. The two cinnamic acid derivatives, p-coumaric acid (4) and 4-methoxycinnamic acid (5), were then used as markers to quantify the concentration of both compounds in all the extracts. Both compounds were not found in the water extracts. These results revealed that the extract from Soxhlet methanol of Bambusa beecheyana could be a potential botanical source of natural antioxidants. This study provides an important chemical composition database for further preclinical research on Bambusa beecheyana. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2022-04-06 Article PeerReviewed Nuzul, Mohd. Izuddin and Yi, Vivien Yi Mian and Koo, Lee Feng and Chan, Thye Huat and Ang, Chung Huap and Idris, Juferi and Husen, Rafidah and Wong, Siaw Wei (2022) Effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of Bambusa beecheyana Munro. Molecules, 27 (7). art. no. 2359. pp. 1-15. ISSN 1431-5165; ESSN:1420-3049 https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/7/2359 10.3390/molecules27072359 |
| spellingShingle | Nuzul, Mohd. Izuddin Yi, Vivien Yi Mian Koo, Lee Feng Chan, Thye Huat Ang, Chung Huap Idris, Juferi Husen, Rafidah Wong, Siaw Wei Effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of Bambusa beecheyana Munro |
| title | Effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of Bambusa beecheyana Munro |
| title_full | Effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of Bambusa beecheyana Munro |
| title_fullStr | Effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of Bambusa beecheyana Munro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of Bambusa beecheyana Munro |
| title_short | Effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of Bambusa beecheyana Munro |
| title_sort | effects of extraction methods on phenolic content in the young bamboo culm extracts of bambusa beecheyana munro |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101173/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101173/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101173/ |