Biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage
Context: The amelioration of low-quality cheap feed for livestock production has become a huge challenge faced by the livestock producers coupled with the illicit disposal of the straw, which causes global environmental nuisance through burning and health impairment. Aims: The purpose of this stu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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CSIRO Publishing
2022
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100543/ |
| _version_ | 1848863351397941248 |
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| author | Ahmed, M. A. Rafii, M. Y. Nur Ain Izzati, M. Z. Khalilah, A. K. Awad, E. A. Kaka, U. Chukwu, S. C. Liang, J. B. Sazili, A. Q. |
| author_facet | Ahmed, M. A. Rafii, M. Y. Nur Ain Izzati, M. Z. Khalilah, A. K. Awad, E. A. Kaka, U. Chukwu, S. C. Liang, J. B. Sazili, A. Q. |
| author_sort | Ahmed, M. A. |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Context: The amelioration of low-quality cheap feed for livestock production has become a huge challenge faced by the livestock producers coupled with the illicit disposal of the straw, which causes global environmental nuisance through burning and health impairment.
Aims: The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of biological additives on nutrient profiles, silage quality, in vitro rumen fermentation in different varieties of rice straw silage; ML4, ML10, ML21, ML24, MR219 and Putra-1 were ensiled with water (control), enzyme (E) and a combination of bacteria and enzyme (BE) in a complete randomised design (CRD) experiment.
Methodology: The rice straw varieties, obtained from the paddy research farm were chopped to ∼2–3 cm, treated according to the above treatments to attain 70% moisture content and compressed in a 1 L jar and ensiled for 30 days.
Key results: Crude protein (CP) in the treated rice straw silage was higher than in the control. The treatment with BE had a lower neutral detergent fibre (42.31%) and a lower acid detergent fibre (21.08%) concentration for Putra-1 than did other treatments (E and control) and varieties. For the silage extract, the lowest pH, NH3, butyric acid and propionic acid were obtained in the BE treatment in most of the rice straw varieties. In addition, straw treated with BE had the highest lactic acid content, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation, compared with the E and control treatments.
Conclusion: This study showed that a BE treatment effectively improved the quality of rice straw silage, with the Putra-1 variety giving the most outstanding result.
Implication: Selection of the appropriate biological treatment and variety of rice straw is important to improve straw quality. However, the treated rice straw needs further evaluation for its in vivo efficacy. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:31:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-100543 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:31:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | CSIRO Publishing |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-1005432023-11-21T09:13:05Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100543/ Biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage Ahmed, M. A. Rafii, M. Y. Nur Ain Izzati, M. Z. Khalilah, A. K. Awad, E. A. Kaka, U. Chukwu, S. C. Liang, J. B. Sazili, A. Q. Context: The amelioration of low-quality cheap feed for livestock production has become a huge challenge faced by the livestock producers coupled with the illicit disposal of the straw, which causes global environmental nuisance through burning and health impairment. Aims: The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of biological additives on nutrient profiles, silage quality, in vitro rumen fermentation in different varieties of rice straw silage; ML4, ML10, ML21, ML24, MR219 and Putra-1 were ensiled with water (control), enzyme (E) and a combination of bacteria and enzyme (BE) in a complete randomised design (CRD) experiment. Methodology: The rice straw varieties, obtained from the paddy research farm were chopped to ∼2–3 cm, treated according to the above treatments to attain 70% moisture content and compressed in a 1 L jar and ensiled for 30 days. Key results: Crude protein (CP) in the treated rice straw silage was higher than in the control. The treatment with BE had a lower neutral detergent fibre (42.31%) and a lower acid detergent fibre (21.08%) concentration for Putra-1 than did other treatments (E and control) and varieties. For the silage extract, the lowest pH, NH3, butyric acid and propionic acid were obtained in the BE treatment in most of the rice straw varieties. In addition, straw treated with BE had the highest lactic acid content, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation, compared with the E and control treatments. Conclusion: This study showed that a BE treatment effectively improved the quality of rice straw silage, with the Putra-1 variety giving the most outstanding result. Implication: Selection of the appropriate biological treatment and variety of rice straw is important to improve straw quality. However, the treated rice straw needs further evaluation for its in vivo efficacy. CSIRO Publishing 2022-07-18 Article PeerReviewed Ahmed, M. A. and Rafii, M. Y. and Nur Ain Izzati, M. Z. and Khalilah, A. K. and Awad, E. A. and Kaka, U. and Chukwu, S. C. and Liang, J. B. and Sazili, A. Q. (2022) Biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage. Animal Production Science, 62 (14). ISSN 1836-0939; ESSN: 1836-5787 https://www.publish.csiro.au/AN/AN21375 10.1071/AN21375 |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed, M. A. Rafii, M. Y. Nur Ain Izzati, M. Z. Khalilah, A. K. Awad, E. A. Kaka, U. Chukwu, S. C. Liang, J. B. Sazili, A. Q. Biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage |
| title | Biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage |
| title_full | Biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage |
| title_fullStr | Biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage |
| title_short | Biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage |
| title_sort | biological additives improved qualities, in vitro gas production kinetics, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of different varieties of rice straw silage |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100543/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100543/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100543/ |