Liberalization And Car Manufacturing In Sea-4
Automobile assembly in Southeast Asia began with simple operations by Ford Motors in Singapore in 1926 (Chee and Fong, 1983) and General Motors in Indonesia in 1928 (Witoelar, 1983). Assembly of completely knocked down (CKD) units were started by Ford Motors in Singapore in 1930. The smallness of th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS)
2001
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| Online Access: | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/9524/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/9524/1/LIBERALIZATION%20.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848836584875491328 |
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| author | Rajah, Rasiah |
| author_facet | Rajah, Rasiah |
| author_sort | Rajah, Rasiah |
| building | UNIMAS Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Automobile assembly in Southeast Asia began with simple operations by Ford Motors in Singapore in 1926 (Chee and Fong, 1983) and General Motors in Indonesia in 1928 (Witoelar, 1983). Assembly of completely knocked down (CKD) units were started by Ford Motors in Singapore in 1930. The smallness of the Southeast Asian market and the lack of adequate infrastructure services inhibited significant growth in production until the end of colonialism. Much of the automobiles sold were imported until the post-colonial governments started introducing tariffs and local content policies to encourage import-substitution assemblies. Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand raised tariffs on completely built up (CBU) units to stimulate domestic assembly and reduce the foreign exchange constraint. The initial experience was not characterized by deliberate efforts to promote national car initiatives a la Japan and South Korea. The Philippines and Thailand continued without ownership discriminating policies, though, some companies were forced to allow local partners. Malaysia and Indonesia, however, began promoting national car production using foreign technology through tie-ups with foreign firms. Hence, special initiatives to shelter the production of local cars against foreign cars surfaced strongly since the 1980s and 1990s. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T06:26:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | unimas-9524 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Sarawak |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T06:26:06Z |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publisher | Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS) |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | unimas-95242015-11-10T00:54:29Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/9524/ Liberalization And Car Manufacturing In Sea-4 Rajah, Rasiah HC Economic History and Conditions HD Industries. Land use. Labor Automobile assembly in Southeast Asia began with simple operations by Ford Motors in Singapore in 1926 (Chee and Fong, 1983) and General Motors in Indonesia in 1928 (Witoelar, 1983). Assembly of completely knocked down (CKD) units were started by Ford Motors in Singapore in 1930. The smallness of the Southeast Asian market and the lack of adequate infrastructure services inhibited significant growth in production until the end of colonialism. Much of the automobiles sold were imported until the post-colonial governments started introducing tariffs and local content policies to encourage import-substitution assemblies. Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand raised tariffs on completely built up (CBU) units to stimulate domestic assembly and reduce the foreign exchange constraint. The initial experience was not characterized by deliberate efforts to promote national car initiatives a la Japan and South Korea. The Philippines and Thailand continued without ownership discriminating policies, though, some companies were forced to allow local partners. Malaysia and Indonesia, however, began promoting national car production using foreign technology through tie-ups with foreign firms. Hence, special initiatives to shelter the production of local cars against foreign cars surfaced strongly since the 1980s and 1990s. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS) 2001 Article NonPeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/9524/1/LIBERALIZATION%20.pdf Rajah, Rasiah (2001) Liberalization And Car Manufacturing In Sea-4. International Journal of Business and Society, 2 (1). pp. 1-23. ISSN 1511-6670 http://www.ijbs.unimas.my |
| spellingShingle | HC Economic History and Conditions HD Industries. Land use. Labor Rajah, Rasiah Liberalization And Car Manufacturing In Sea-4 |
| title | Liberalization And Car Manufacturing In Sea-4 |
| title_full | Liberalization And Car Manufacturing In Sea-4 |
| title_fullStr | Liberalization And Car Manufacturing In Sea-4 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liberalization And Car Manufacturing In Sea-4 |
| title_short | Liberalization And Car Manufacturing In Sea-4 |
| title_sort | liberalization and car manufacturing in sea-4 |
| topic | HC Economic History and Conditions HD Industries. Land use. Labor |
| url | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/9524/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/9524/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/9524/1/LIBERALIZATION%20.pdf |