Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution

Vegetable oils have been used widely as raw material for biodiesel production. The usage of solvent extraction with hexane is not favorable due to adverse effect to human and environment. In this study, microemulsion-based extraction of palm kernel oil using nonionic surfactant Brij-30 was used as...

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Main Author: Nor Bainun, Binti Ismail
Format: Final Year Project Report / IMRAD
Language:English
Published: Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, UNIMAS 2012
Subjects:
Online Access:http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/6210/
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/6210/8/MICROEMULSION-BASED%20PALM%20KERNEL%20OIL%20EXTRACTION%20USING%20SURFACTANT%20SOLUTION%28OCR%29.pdf
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author Nor Bainun, Binti Ismail
author_facet Nor Bainun, Binti Ismail
author_sort Nor Bainun, Binti Ismail
building UNIMAS Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Vegetable oils have been used widely as raw material for biodiesel production. The usage of solvent extraction with hexane is not favorable due to adverse effect to human and environment. In this study, microemulsion-based extraction of palm kernel oil using nonionic surfactant Brij-30 was used as an alternative method to replace solvent extraction. The quality of oil extracted by solvent and microemulsion-based extractions was also compared. Dried and ground palm kernel (0.2-0.5 mm) was shaken with surfactant on rotary shaker at 150 rpm for every parameter. Parameters that were studied to find the optimum oil extraction conditions are weight of sample, surfactant concentration, contact time and temperature. Once the optimum conditions were obtained, solvent extraction was done for comparison. Physical appearances, extraction efficiency and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) characterization for both extractions were compared. Based on the result obtained, optimum conditions for microemulsion-based extraction are 30 minutes contact time, 1g weight of sample, 0.015 M surfactant concentration and room temperature 25 oC. Extraction efficiency by using solvent yield highest oil, 88.5% compared to microemulsion-based extraction, 59.2%.
first_indexed 2025-11-15T06:14:37Z
format Final Year Project Report / IMRAD
id unimas-6210
institution Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-15T06:14:37Z
publishDate 2012
publisher Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, UNIMAS
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling unimas-62102023-11-15T07:19:35Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/6210/ Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution Nor Bainun, Binti Ismail GE Environmental Sciences Q Science (General) SB Plant culture Vegetable oils have been used widely as raw material for biodiesel production. The usage of solvent extraction with hexane is not favorable due to adverse effect to human and environment. In this study, microemulsion-based extraction of palm kernel oil using nonionic surfactant Brij-30 was used as an alternative method to replace solvent extraction. The quality of oil extracted by solvent and microemulsion-based extractions was also compared. Dried and ground palm kernel (0.2-0.5 mm) was shaken with surfactant on rotary shaker at 150 rpm for every parameter. Parameters that were studied to find the optimum oil extraction conditions are weight of sample, surfactant concentration, contact time and temperature. Once the optimum conditions were obtained, solvent extraction was done for comparison. Physical appearances, extraction efficiency and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) characterization for both extractions were compared. Based on the result obtained, optimum conditions for microemulsion-based extraction are 30 minutes contact time, 1g weight of sample, 0.015 M surfactant concentration and room temperature 25 oC. Extraction efficiency by using solvent yield highest oil, 88.5% compared to microemulsion-based extraction, 59.2%. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, UNIMAS 2012 Final Year Project Report / IMRAD NonPeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/6210/8/MICROEMULSION-BASED%20PALM%20KERNEL%20OIL%20EXTRACTION%20USING%20SURFACTANT%20SOLUTION%28OCR%29.pdf Nor Bainun, Binti Ismail (2012) Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution. [Final Year Project Report / IMRAD] (Unpublished)
spellingShingle GE Environmental Sciences
Q Science (General)
SB Plant culture
Nor Bainun, Binti Ismail
Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution
title Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution
title_full Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution
title_fullStr Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution
title_full_unstemmed Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution
title_short Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution
title_sort microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using surfactant solution
topic GE Environmental Sciences
Q Science (General)
SB Plant culture
url http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/6210/
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/6210/8/MICROEMULSION-BASED%20PALM%20KERNEL%20OIL%20EXTRACTION%20USING%20SURFACTANT%20SOLUTION%28OCR%29.pdf