Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from Palm Oil Kernel Shell
Microwave pyrolysis is a potential for producing alternative fuel from biomass, such as palm kernel shell (PKS). However, the resulting microwave pyrolytic oil (bio-oil) was highly acidic and has low calorific value and therefore must undergo additional process to improve the physicochemical prope...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15635/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15635/1/Sharifah.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848837893692325888 |
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| author | Sharifah Mona, Abdul Aziz Rafeah, Wahi Zainab, Ngaini Sinin, Hamdan Syamila Aimi, Yahaya |
| author_facet | Sharifah Mona, Abdul Aziz Rafeah, Wahi Zainab, Ngaini Sinin, Hamdan Syamila Aimi, Yahaya |
| author_sort | Sharifah Mona, Abdul Aziz |
| building | UNIMAS Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Microwave pyrolysis is a potential for producing alternative fuel from biomass, such as palm kernel shell (PKS). However, the
resulting microwave pyrolytic oil (bio-oil) was highly acidic and has low calorific value and therefore must undergo additional
process to improve the physicochemical properties. In this study, attempt wasmade to improve the pH and calorific value of bio-oil
produced from PKS via esterification process. The effect of esterification with ethanol in the presence of sulphuric acid as a catalyst
on selected biodiesel qualities was also investigated. The esterification process has successfully improved the pH value from 3.37
to 5.09–5.12 and the calorific value was increased from 27.19 to 34.78–41.52MJ/kg. Conclusively, the EO has comparatively better
properties in terms of its smell, pH, calorific value, and absence of environmentally undesirable compounds.However, future works
should include ASTM 6751 specifications tests for biodiesel to evaluate the bio-oil’s suitability for commercial use. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T06:46:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | unimas-15635 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Sarawak |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T06:46:54Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | unimas-156352021-06-08T10:41:28Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15635/ Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from Palm Oil Kernel Shell Sharifah Mona, Abdul Aziz Rafeah, Wahi Zainab, Ngaini Sinin, Hamdan Syamila Aimi, Yahaya QD Chemistry Microwave pyrolysis is a potential for producing alternative fuel from biomass, such as palm kernel shell (PKS). However, the resulting microwave pyrolytic oil (bio-oil) was highly acidic and has low calorific value and therefore must undergo additional process to improve the physicochemical properties. In this study, attempt wasmade to improve the pH and calorific value of bio-oil produced from PKS via esterification process. The effect of esterification with ethanol in the presence of sulphuric acid as a catalyst on selected biodiesel qualities was also investigated. The esterification process has successfully improved the pH value from 3.37 to 5.09–5.12 and the calorific value was increased from 27.19 to 34.78–41.52MJ/kg. Conclusively, the EO has comparatively better properties in terms of its smell, pH, calorific value, and absence of environmentally undesirable compounds.However, future works should include ASTM 6751 specifications tests for biodiesel to evaluate the bio-oil’s suitability for commercial use. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2017 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15635/1/Sharifah.pdf Sharifah Mona, Abdul Aziz and Rafeah, Wahi and Zainab, Ngaini and Sinin, Hamdan and Syamila Aimi, Yahaya (2017) Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from Palm Oil Kernel Shell. Journal of Chemistry, 2017. ISSN 2090-9071 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jchem/2017/8359238/ https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8359238 |
| spellingShingle | QD Chemistry Sharifah Mona, Abdul Aziz Rafeah, Wahi Zainab, Ngaini Sinin, Hamdan Syamila Aimi, Yahaya Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from Palm Oil Kernel Shell |
| title | Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from
Palm Oil Kernel Shell |
| title_full | Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from
Palm Oil Kernel Shell |
| title_fullStr | Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from
Palm Oil Kernel Shell |
| title_full_unstemmed | Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from
Palm Oil Kernel Shell |
| title_short | Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from
Palm Oil Kernel Shell |
| title_sort | esterification of microwave pyrolytic oil from
palm oil kernel shell |
| topic | QD Chemistry |
| url | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15635/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15635/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15635/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15635/1/Sharifah.pdf |