Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River
Thepresent study evaluated the spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river using multi variate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Twenty physicochemical parameters were measured at 30 stations along the Batang Baramand...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2017
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| Online Access: | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15486/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15486/1/Application%20of%20multivariate%20statistical%20analysis%20%28abstract%29.pdf |
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| author | Teck-Yee, Ling Chen-Lin, Soo Jing-Jing, Liew Lee, Nyanti Siong-Fong, Sim Jongkar, Grinang |
| author_facet | Teck-Yee, Ling Chen-Lin, Soo Jing-Jing, Liew Lee, Nyanti Siong-Fong, Sim Jongkar, Grinang |
| author_sort | Teck-Yee, Ling |
| building | UNIMAS Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Thepresent study evaluated the spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river using multi variate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Twenty physicochemical parameters were measured at
30 stations along the Batang Baramand its tributaries.The water quality of the Batang Baramwas categorized as “slightly polluted” where the chemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids were the most deteriorated parameters. The CA grouped the 30 stations into four clusters which shared similar characteristics within the same cluster, representing the upstream, middle, and
downstream regions of the main river and the tributaries from the middle to downstream regions of the river. The PCA has determined a reduced number of six principal components that explained 83.6% of the data set variance.The first PC indicated that
the total suspended solids, turbidity, and hydrogen sulphide were the dominant polluting factors which is attributed to the logging
activities, followed by the five-day biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, organic nitrogen, and nitrate-nitrogen in the
second PC which are related to the discharges from domestic wastewater. The components also imply that logging activities are
the major anthropogenic activities responsible for water quality variations in the Batang Baram when compared to the domestic
wastewater discharge. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T06:46:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | unimas-15486 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Sarawak |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T06:46:27Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | unimas-154862017-03-14T11:13:24Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15486/ Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River Teck-Yee, Ling Chen-Lin, Soo Jing-Jing, Liew Lee, Nyanti Siong-Fong, Sim Jongkar, Grinang GE Environmental Sciences Thepresent study evaluated the spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river using multi variate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Twenty physicochemical parameters were measured at 30 stations along the Batang Baramand its tributaries.The water quality of the Batang Baramwas categorized as “slightly polluted” where the chemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids were the most deteriorated parameters. The CA grouped the 30 stations into four clusters which shared similar characteristics within the same cluster, representing the upstream, middle, and downstream regions of the main river and the tributaries from the middle to downstream regions of the river. The PCA has determined a reduced number of six principal components that explained 83.6% of the data set variance.The first PC indicated that the total suspended solids, turbidity, and hydrogen sulphide were the dominant polluting factors which is attributed to the logging activities, followed by the five-day biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, organic nitrogen, and nitrate-nitrogen in the second PC which are related to the discharges from domestic wastewater. The components also imply that logging activities are the major anthropogenic activities responsible for water quality variations in the Batang Baram when compared to the domestic wastewater discharge. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2017 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15486/1/Application%20of%20multivariate%20statistical%20analysis%20%28abstract%29.pdf Teck-Yee, Ling and Chen-Lin, Soo and Jing-Jing, Liew and Lee, Nyanti and Siong-Fong, Sim and Jongkar, Grinang (2017) Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River. Journal of Chemistry, 2017. ISSN 2090-9071 https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5737452 doi : 10.1155.2017.5737452 |
| spellingShingle | GE Environmental Sciences Teck-Yee, Ling Chen-Lin, Soo Jing-Jing, Liew Lee, Nyanti Siong-Fong, Sim Jongkar, Grinang Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River |
| title | Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River |
| title_full | Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River |
| title_fullStr | Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River |
| title_short | Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River |
| title_sort | application of multivariate statistical analysis in evaluation of surface river water quality of a tropical river |
| topic | GE Environmental Sciences |
| url | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15486/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15486/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15486/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15486/1/Application%20of%20multivariate%20statistical%20analysis%20%28abstract%29.pdf |