Plasmodium knowlesi Genome Sequences from Clinical Isolates Reveal Extensive Genomic Dimorphism

Plasmodium knowlesi is a newly described zoonosis that causes malaria in the human population that can be severe and fatal. The study of P. knowlesi parasites from human clinical isolates is relatively new and, in order to obtain maximum information from patient sample collections, we explored th...

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Main Authors: Miguel M., Pinheiro, Md Atique, Ahmed, Scott B., Millar, Theo, Sanderson, Thomas, D. Otto, Woon, Chan Lu, Sanjeev, Krishna, Julian C., Rayner, Janet, Cox-Singh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Plos One Publishing 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10714/
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10714/1/Plasmodium.pdf
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author Miguel M., Pinheiro
Md Atique, Ahmed
Scott B., Millar
Theo, Sanderson
Thomas, D. Otto
Woon, Chan Lu
Sanjeev, Krishna
Julian C., Rayner
Janet, Cox-Singh
author_facet Miguel M., Pinheiro
Md Atique, Ahmed
Scott B., Millar
Theo, Sanderson
Thomas, D. Otto
Woon, Chan Lu
Sanjeev, Krishna
Julian C., Rayner
Janet, Cox-Singh
author_sort Miguel M., Pinheiro
building UNIMAS Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Plasmodium knowlesi is a newly described zoonosis that causes malaria in the human population that can be severe and fatal. The study of P. knowlesi parasites from human clinical isolates is relatively new and, in order to obtain maximum information from patient sample collections, we explored the possibility of generating P. knowlesi genome sequences from archived clinical isolates. Our patient sample collection consisted of frozen whole blood samples that contained excessive human DNA contamination and, in that form, were not suitable for parasite genome sequencing. We developed a method to reduce the amount of human DNA in the thawed blood samples in preparation for high throughput parasite genome sequencing using Illumina HiSeq and MiSeq sequencing platforms. Seven of fifteen samples processed had sufficiently pure P. knowlesi DNA for whole genome sequencing. The reads were mapped to the P. knowlesi H strain reference genome and an average mapping of 90% was obtained. Genes with low coverage were removed leaving 4623 genes for subsequent analyses. Previously we identified a DNA sequence dimorphism on a small fragment of the P. knowlesi normocyte binding protein xa gene on chromosome 14. We used the genome data to assemble full-length Pknbpxa sequences and discovered that the dimorphism extended along the gene. An in-house algorithm was developed to detect SNP sites co-associating with the dimorphism. More than half of the P. knowlesi genome was dimorphic, involving genes on all chromosomes and suggesting that two distinct types of P. knowlesi infect the human population in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo.We use P. knowlesi clinical samples to demonstrate that Plasmodium DNA from archived patient samples can produce high quality genome data.We show that analyses, of even small numbers of difficult clinical malaria isolates, can generate comprehensive genomic information that will improve our understanding of malaria parasite diversity and pathobiology.
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institution Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
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spelling unimas-107142022-01-28T02:27:27Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10714/ Plasmodium knowlesi Genome Sequences from Clinical Isolates Reveal Extensive Genomic Dimorphism Miguel M., Pinheiro Md Atique, Ahmed Scott B., Millar Theo, Sanderson Thomas, D. Otto Woon, Chan Lu Sanjeev, Krishna Julian C., Rayner Janet, Cox-Singh R Medicine (General) Plasmodium knowlesi is a newly described zoonosis that causes malaria in the human population that can be severe and fatal. The study of P. knowlesi parasites from human clinical isolates is relatively new and, in order to obtain maximum information from patient sample collections, we explored the possibility of generating P. knowlesi genome sequences from archived clinical isolates. Our patient sample collection consisted of frozen whole blood samples that contained excessive human DNA contamination and, in that form, were not suitable for parasite genome sequencing. We developed a method to reduce the amount of human DNA in the thawed blood samples in preparation for high throughput parasite genome sequencing using Illumina HiSeq and MiSeq sequencing platforms. Seven of fifteen samples processed had sufficiently pure P. knowlesi DNA for whole genome sequencing. The reads were mapped to the P. knowlesi H strain reference genome and an average mapping of 90% was obtained. Genes with low coverage were removed leaving 4623 genes for subsequent analyses. Previously we identified a DNA sequence dimorphism on a small fragment of the P. knowlesi normocyte binding protein xa gene on chromosome 14. We used the genome data to assemble full-length Pknbpxa sequences and discovered that the dimorphism extended along the gene. An in-house algorithm was developed to detect SNP sites co-associating with the dimorphism. More than half of the P. knowlesi genome was dimorphic, involving genes on all chromosomes and suggesting that two distinct types of P. knowlesi infect the human population in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo.We use P. knowlesi clinical samples to demonstrate that Plasmodium DNA from archived patient samples can produce high quality genome data.We show that analyses, of even small numbers of difficult clinical malaria isolates, can generate comprehensive genomic information that will improve our understanding of malaria parasite diversity and pathobiology. Plos One Publishing 2015 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10714/1/Plasmodium.pdf Miguel M., Pinheiro and Md Atique, Ahmed and Scott B., Millar and Theo, Sanderson and Thomas, D. Otto and Woon, Chan Lu and Sanjeev, Krishna and Julian C., Rayner and Janet, Cox-Singh (2015) Plasmodium knowlesi Genome Sequences from Clinical Isolates Reveal Extensive Genomic Dimorphism. PLoS ONE, 10 (4). ISSN 1932-6203 http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0121303 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121303
spellingShingle R Medicine (General)
Miguel M., Pinheiro
Md Atique, Ahmed
Scott B., Millar
Theo, Sanderson
Thomas, D. Otto
Woon, Chan Lu
Sanjeev, Krishna
Julian C., Rayner
Janet, Cox-Singh
Plasmodium knowlesi Genome Sequences from Clinical Isolates Reveal Extensive Genomic Dimorphism
title Plasmodium knowlesi Genome Sequences from Clinical Isolates Reveal Extensive Genomic Dimorphism
title_full Plasmodium knowlesi Genome Sequences from Clinical Isolates Reveal Extensive Genomic Dimorphism
title_fullStr Plasmodium knowlesi Genome Sequences from Clinical Isolates Reveal Extensive Genomic Dimorphism
title_full_unstemmed Plasmodium knowlesi Genome Sequences from Clinical Isolates Reveal Extensive Genomic Dimorphism
title_short Plasmodium knowlesi Genome Sequences from Clinical Isolates Reveal Extensive Genomic Dimorphism
title_sort plasmodium knowlesi genome sequences from clinical isolates reveal extensive genomic dimorphism
topic R Medicine (General)
url http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10714/
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10714/
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10714/
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10714/1/Plasmodium.pdf