Spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study
This paper presents the development of alkali-hydroxide-free (AHF) geopolymer concrete made of fly ash and spent coffee grounds (SCG) mix. Geopolymers are often formulated with the use of alkali hydroxides, which may have health and safety risks, durability, and workability issues. The addition of a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2025
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| Online Access: | https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46034/ |
| _version_ | 1848827550016471040 |
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| author | Khong, Sheh Ching Yee, Jia Jun Gimbun, Jolius Tee, Kong Fah Chin, Siew Choo |
| author_facet | Khong, Sheh Ching Yee, Jia Jun Gimbun, Jolius Tee, Kong Fah Chin, Siew Choo |
| author_sort | Khong, Sheh Ching |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | This paper presents the development of alkali-hydroxide-free (AHF) geopolymer concrete made of fly ash and spent coffee grounds (SCG) mix. Geopolymers are often formulated with the use of alkali hydroxides, which may have health and safety risks, durability, and workability issues. The addition of acidic materials such as SCG may neutralize the alkali content in geopolymer concrete, hence producing an AHF geopolymer. In this work, the effect of SCG addition ranging from 0 to 10% on the geopolymer strength cured from 7 to 90 days was studied. The optimum curing period and SCG addition that can yield the highest strength were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). It was found that the geopolymer concrete containing 1.85% SCG cured for 75 days has the highest compressive strength of 12.78 MPa. The AHF geopolymer demonstrated 6.8% higher acid resistance than the control mix. This work demonstrated the contribution of SCG in the formation of an AHF geopolymer with enhanced strength. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T04:02:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-46034 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T04:02:29Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Springer |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-460342025-10-27T02:59:46Z https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46034/ Spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study Khong, Sheh Ching Yee, Jia Jun Gimbun, Jolius Tee, Kong Fah Chin, Siew Choo TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TF Railroad engineering and operation TH Building construction This paper presents the development of alkali-hydroxide-free (AHF) geopolymer concrete made of fly ash and spent coffee grounds (SCG) mix. Geopolymers are often formulated with the use of alkali hydroxides, which may have health and safety risks, durability, and workability issues. The addition of acidic materials such as SCG may neutralize the alkali content in geopolymer concrete, hence producing an AHF geopolymer. In this work, the effect of SCG addition ranging from 0 to 10% on the geopolymer strength cured from 7 to 90 days was studied. The optimum curing period and SCG addition that can yield the highest strength were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). It was found that the geopolymer concrete containing 1.85% SCG cured for 75 days has the highest compressive strength of 12.78 MPa. The AHF geopolymer demonstrated 6.8% higher acid resistance than the control mix. This work demonstrated the contribution of SCG in the formation of an AHF geopolymer with enhanced strength. Springer 2025-09-01 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_4 https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46034/1/Khong%202025%20%282%29.pdf Khong, Sheh Ching and Yee, Jia Jun and Gimbun, Jolius and Tee, Kong Fah and Chin, Siew Choo (2025) Spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Engineering, 20 (1). pp. 1-19. ISSN 3004-8958. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1186/s40712-025-00331-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40712-025-00331-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40712-025-00331-7 |
| spellingShingle | TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TF Railroad engineering and operation TH Building construction Khong, Sheh Ching Yee, Jia Jun Gimbun, Jolius Tee, Kong Fah Chin, Siew Choo Spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study |
| title | Spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study |
| title_full | Spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study |
| title_fullStr | Spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study |
| title_short | Spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study |
| title_sort | spent coffee grounds enhanced strength of alkali-hydroxide-free geopolymer concrete: an optimization study |
| topic | TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TF Railroad engineering and operation TH Building construction |
| url | https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46034/ https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46034/ https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46034/ |