Green synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF) nanoparticles for theranostics

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials composed of organic linkers and inorganic nodes. These structures typically exhibit ultra-high surface areas, ranging between 1000 and 7000 m2/g, and tunable pore sizes and volumes, which are ideal characteristics for therapeutic uses. Zinc i...

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Main Authors: Loo, Yan Shan, Silvaraju, Gaayatri, Nur Airin Syahira, Johari, Nur Aininie, Yusoh, Afiq, Azil, Norazalina, Saad, Mohd Basyaruddin, Abdul Rahman, Nurul Akmarina, Mohd Abdul Kamal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 2025
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Online Access:https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45756/
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author Loo, Yan Shan
Silvaraju, Gaayatri
Nur Airin Syahira, Johari
Nur Aininie, Yusoh
Afiq, Azil
Norazalina, Saad
Mohd Basyaruddin, Abdul Rahman
Nurul Akmarina, Mohd Abdul Kamal
author_facet Loo, Yan Shan
Silvaraju, Gaayatri
Nur Airin Syahira, Johari
Nur Aininie, Yusoh
Afiq, Azil
Norazalina, Saad
Mohd Basyaruddin, Abdul Rahman
Nurul Akmarina, Mohd Abdul Kamal
author_sort Loo, Yan Shan
building UMP Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials composed of organic linkers and inorganic nodes. These structures typically exhibit ultra-high surface areas, ranging between 1000 and 7000 m2/g, and tunable pore sizes and volumes, which are ideal characteristics for therapeutic uses. Zinc imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have gained recognition in recent studies as a promising candidate for on-demand drug delivery due to their high loading capacity, stability in physiological conditions, and controllable drug release properties. However, the use of ZIFs for in vivo applications requires a clear understanding of their interaction with biological tissues and a comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility, a key consideration in improving their clinical translatability. In this review, an overview is provided on green synthesis approaches for the preparation of ZIFs from their inorganic base materials, by employing naturally-derived reaction components, sustainable alternative reaction media, or eco-friendly processes. The link between green-synthesized ZIFs and their concomitant performance in therapeutic/theranostic applications has not been extensively explored. However, nanoparticles developed by sustainable/green routes often demonstrate lower toxicity and improved biocompatibility, necessary for therapeutic/theranostic uses. Recent developments in green-synthesized ZIFs underscore their multifaceted role in enhancing biocompatibility and bioavailability, targeted delivery, and/or theranostic performance at the targeted disease site.
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spelling ump-457562025-09-29T06:30:27Z https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45756/ Green synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF) nanoparticles for theranostics Loo, Yan Shan Silvaraju, Gaayatri Nur Airin Syahira, Johari Nur Aininie, Yusoh Afiq, Azil Norazalina, Saad Mohd Basyaruddin, Abdul Rahman Nurul Akmarina, Mohd Abdul Kamal RS Pharmacy and materia medica TP Chemical technology Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials composed of organic linkers and inorganic nodes. These structures typically exhibit ultra-high surface areas, ranging between 1000 and 7000 m2/g, and tunable pore sizes and volumes, which are ideal characteristics for therapeutic uses. Zinc imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have gained recognition in recent studies as a promising candidate for on-demand drug delivery due to their high loading capacity, stability in physiological conditions, and controllable drug release properties. However, the use of ZIFs for in vivo applications requires a clear understanding of their interaction with biological tissues and a comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility, a key consideration in improving their clinical translatability. In this review, an overview is provided on green synthesis approaches for the preparation of ZIFs from their inorganic base materials, by employing naturally-derived reaction components, sustainable alternative reaction media, or eco-friendly processes. The link between green-synthesized ZIFs and their concomitant performance in therapeutic/theranostic applications has not been extensively explored. However, nanoparticles developed by sustainable/green routes often demonstrate lower toxicity and improved biocompatibility, necessary for therapeutic/theranostic uses. Recent developments in green-synthesized ZIFs underscore their multifaceted role in enhancing biocompatibility and bioavailability, targeted delivery, and/or theranostic performance at the targeted disease site. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 2025 Article PeerReviewed pdf en https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45756/1/100353377.pdf Loo, Yan Shan and Silvaraju, Gaayatri and Nur Airin Syahira, Johari and Nur Aininie, Yusoh and Afiq, Azil and Norazalina, Saad and Mohd Basyaruddin, Abdul Rahman and Nurul Akmarina, Mohd Abdul Kamal (2025) Green synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF) nanoparticles for theranostics. ChemistrySelect, 10 (e02535). pp. 1-18. ISSN 2365-6549. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202502535
spellingShingle RS Pharmacy and materia medica
TP Chemical technology
Loo, Yan Shan
Silvaraju, Gaayatri
Nur Airin Syahira, Johari
Nur Aininie, Yusoh
Afiq, Azil
Norazalina, Saad
Mohd Basyaruddin, Abdul Rahman
Nurul Akmarina, Mohd Abdul Kamal
Green synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF) nanoparticles for theranostics
title Green synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF) nanoparticles for theranostics
title_full Green synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF) nanoparticles for theranostics
title_fullStr Green synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF) nanoparticles for theranostics
title_full_unstemmed Green synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF) nanoparticles for theranostics
title_short Green synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF) nanoparticles for theranostics
title_sort green synthesis of zeolitic imidazolate framework (zif) nanoparticles for theranostics
topic RS Pharmacy and materia medica
TP Chemical technology
url https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45756/
https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45756/