Antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil.
Bacterial and fungal infection, defined as the ability of the bacteria and fungi to grow and proliferate within the host and caused clinically significant diseases. The emergence of infectious diseases posed a threat to public health, causing the increment in number of morbidity and mortality. In th...
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| Format: | Undergraduates Project Papers |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2025
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| Online Access: | https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45698/ |
| _version_ | 1848827487819137024 |
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| author | Nurul Anis Amira, Mohd Tazri |
| author_facet | Nurul Anis Amira, Mohd Tazri |
| author_sort | Nurul Anis Amira, Mohd Tazri |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Bacterial and fungal infection, defined as the ability of the bacteria and fungi to grow and proliferate within the host and caused clinically significant diseases. The emergence of infectious diseases posed a threat to public health, causing the increment in number of morbidity and mortality. In the past few decades, medicinal plants have been used as natural remedies and are known to exert the antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi due to their rich in secondary metabolite contents. This has led to exploration of novel antimicrobial agents from herbal medicines as a natural way to mitigate the prevalence of microbial infections. Pogostemon Cablin Benth. (Patchouli) are well-known medicinal herbs for their rich in phytochemicals content that can act as antibacterial and antifungal agent in numerous applications. This study aims to extract the essential oils from different varieties of patchouli leaves for antibacterial and antifungal study through hydrodistillation method. Besides, the study primary purpose was to determine the antibacterial and antifungal potential of patchouli essential oil in various concentrations (100 to 400 μl/mL) against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Bacillus Subtilis, Staphylococcus Aureus, Candida Albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus using disk diffusion assay (DDA). The disk diffusion assay revealed no inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as no inhibition zone was recorded. In contrast, significant zones of inhibition were observed against other bacterial and fungal strains, demonstrating the potential antimicrobial efficacy of patchouli essential oils. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test with various concentration (20.00, 10.00, 5.00, 2.50, 1.25, 0.63, 0.31 and 0.16 μl/mL) at further supported these findings, showing varying levels of inhibition across different concentrations and strains. Among the tested varieties, Paya Rambutan exhibited the lowest MIC values on 0.16 μl/mL and 0.31 μl/mL, indicating its superior antimicrobial efficacy, which can be attributed to its high content of bioactive compounds such as Patchouli Alcohol and α-Guaiene. This study underscores the potential of Patchouli essential oils, particularly the Paya Rambutan variety, as a promising natural antimicrobial agent. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T04:01:30Z |
| format | Undergraduates Project Papers |
| id | ump-45698 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T04:01:30Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-456982025-10-02T07:13:37Z https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45698/ Antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil. Nurul Anis Amira, Mohd Tazri HD Industries. Land use. Labor T Technology (General) Bacterial and fungal infection, defined as the ability of the bacteria and fungi to grow and proliferate within the host and caused clinically significant diseases. The emergence of infectious diseases posed a threat to public health, causing the increment in number of morbidity and mortality. In the past few decades, medicinal plants have been used as natural remedies and are known to exert the antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi due to their rich in secondary metabolite contents. This has led to exploration of novel antimicrobial agents from herbal medicines as a natural way to mitigate the prevalence of microbial infections. Pogostemon Cablin Benth. (Patchouli) are well-known medicinal herbs for their rich in phytochemicals content that can act as antibacterial and antifungal agent in numerous applications. This study aims to extract the essential oils from different varieties of patchouli leaves for antibacterial and antifungal study through hydrodistillation method. Besides, the study primary purpose was to determine the antibacterial and antifungal potential of patchouli essential oil in various concentrations (100 to 400 μl/mL) against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Bacillus Subtilis, Staphylococcus Aureus, Candida Albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus using disk diffusion assay (DDA). The disk diffusion assay revealed no inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as no inhibition zone was recorded. In contrast, significant zones of inhibition were observed against other bacterial and fungal strains, demonstrating the potential antimicrobial efficacy of patchouli essential oils. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test with various concentration (20.00, 10.00, 5.00, 2.50, 1.25, 0.63, 0.31 and 0.16 μl/mL) at further supported these findings, showing varying levels of inhibition across different concentrations and strains. Among the tested varieties, Paya Rambutan exhibited the lowest MIC values on 0.16 μl/mL and 0.31 μl/mL, indicating its superior antimicrobial efficacy, which can be attributed to its high content of bioactive compounds such as Patchouli Alcohol and α-Guaiene. This study underscores the potential of Patchouli essential oils, particularly the Paya Rambutan variety, as a promising natural antimicrobial agent. 2025-02 Undergraduates Project Papers NonPeerReviewed pdf en https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45698/1/Antibacterial%20and%20Antifungal%20Studies%20of%20Different%20Varieties%20of%20Patchouli%20Essential%20Oil..pdf Nurul Anis Amira, Mohd Tazri (2025) Antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil. Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah. |
| spellingShingle | HD Industries. Land use. Labor T Technology (General) Nurul Anis Amira, Mohd Tazri Antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil. |
| title | Antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil. |
| title_full | Antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil. |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil. |
| title_short | Antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil. |
| title_sort | antibacterial and antifungal studies of different varieties of patchouli essential oil. |
| topic | HD Industries. Land use. Labor T Technology (General) |
| url | https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45698/ |