Enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment

Aerobic granule sludge has emerged as a promising technology in wastewater treatment, achieving over 90% removal efficiency of pollutants, reducing land usage by as much as 75%, lowering costs by as much as 50%, and demonstrating superior resilience to shock loads and toxic compounds in comparison t...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lee, Pui San, Suryati, Sulaiman, Noor Suraya, Romali, Nadiah, Mokhtar, Abdul Syukor, Abd Razak
Format: Conference or Workshop Item
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing Ltd. 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45468/
_version_ 1848827426543501312
author Lee, Pui San
Suryati, Sulaiman
Noor Suraya, Romali
Nadiah, Mokhtar
Abdul Syukor, Abd Razak
author_facet Lee, Pui San
Suryati, Sulaiman
Noor Suraya, Romali
Nadiah, Mokhtar
Abdul Syukor, Abd Razak
author_sort Lee, Pui San
building UMP Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Aerobic granule sludge has emerged as a promising technology in wastewater treatment, achieving over 90% removal efficiency of pollutants, reducing land usage by as much as 75%, lowering costs by as much as 50%, and demonstrating superior resilience to shock loads and toxic compounds in comparison to conventional activated sludge systems. These advantages enhance operational efficiency and versatility across various wastewater types. However, it is known for its shortcomings, including long start-up times at low organic loading rates (OLR) and instability at high OLR. This study incorporated a staged OLR strategy to cultivate aerobic granules, addressing these limitations. Initially, the aerobic granules were cultivated at an OLR of 5 kg/m3/day for 28 days during Phase I, and then used to treat an OLR of 1 kg/m3/day during Phase II for another 42 days. The study demonstrated stable and effective performance, achieving more than 90% Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal. Nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) removal efficiencies were about 60% and 80%, respectively. The system showed relatively consistent removal efficiencies after the transition to the lower OLR in Phase II. The mineral composition analysis revealed higher concentrations of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) in Phase II compared to Phase I. Overall, the staged OLR strategy proved to be effective in cultivating stable aerobic granules with desirable properties. However, improvements are needed in the removal efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus. This approach offers a viable method for enhancing granule properties and stability in wastewater treatment applications.
first_indexed 2025-11-15T04:00:32Z
format Conference or Workshop Item
id ump-45468
institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-15T04:00:32Z
publishDate 2025
publisher IOP Publishing Ltd.
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling ump-454682025-08-22T01:05:02Z https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45468/ Enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment Lee, Pui San Suryati, Sulaiman Noor Suraya, Romali Nadiah, Mokhtar Abdul Syukor, Abd Razak TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Aerobic granule sludge has emerged as a promising technology in wastewater treatment, achieving over 90% removal efficiency of pollutants, reducing land usage by as much as 75%, lowering costs by as much as 50%, and demonstrating superior resilience to shock loads and toxic compounds in comparison to conventional activated sludge systems. These advantages enhance operational efficiency and versatility across various wastewater types. However, it is known for its shortcomings, including long start-up times at low organic loading rates (OLR) and instability at high OLR. This study incorporated a staged OLR strategy to cultivate aerobic granules, addressing these limitations. Initially, the aerobic granules were cultivated at an OLR of 5 kg/m3/day for 28 days during Phase I, and then used to treat an OLR of 1 kg/m3/day during Phase II for another 42 days. The study demonstrated stable and effective performance, achieving more than 90% Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal. Nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) removal efficiencies were about 60% and 80%, respectively. The system showed relatively consistent removal efficiencies after the transition to the lower OLR in Phase II. The mineral composition analysis revealed higher concentrations of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) in Phase II compared to Phase I. Overall, the staged OLR strategy proved to be effective in cultivating stable aerobic granules with desirable properties. However, improvements are needed in the removal efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus. This approach offers a viable method for enhancing granule properties and stability in wastewater treatment applications. IOP Publishing Ltd. 2025 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_4 https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45468/1/Enhancing%20aerobic%20granule%20formation%20and%20stability%20in%20sequencing%20batch%20reactor%20using%20a%20staged%20organic%20loading%20rate%20strategy%20for%20wastewater%20treatment.pdf Lee, Pui San and Suryati, Sulaiman and Noor Suraya, Romali and Nadiah, Mokhtar and Abdul Syukor, Abd Razak (2025) Enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment. In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 8th International Conference on Environment, ICENV 2024 , 17 December 2024 - 18 December 2024 , Penang, Malaysia. pp. 1-14., 1516 (1). ISSN 1755-1307 (Published) https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1516/1/012001
spellingShingle TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Lee, Pui San
Suryati, Sulaiman
Noor Suraya, Romali
Nadiah, Mokhtar
Abdul Syukor, Abd Razak
Enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment
title Enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment
title_full Enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment
title_fullStr Enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment
title_short Enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment
title_sort enhancing aerobic granule formation and stability in sequencing batch reactor using a staged organic loading rate strategy for wastewater treatment
topic TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
url https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45468/
https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45468/