Spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in Pakistan’s hospitality industry
Purpose: Drawing on social exchange theory and social identity theory, this paper aims to examine the impact of spiritual leadership on unethical pro-organisational behaviour (UPB) facilitated by high-tech devices in workplace environments. This investigation examined various contributing factors, i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Emerald Publishing
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45423/ |
| _version_ | 1848827414485925888 |
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| author | Aziz, Aisha Akram, Kashif Fernando, Yudi Ur Rehman, Shafique Wahyuni-Td, Ika Sari |
| author_facet | Aziz, Aisha Akram, Kashif Fernando, Yudi Ur Rehman, Shafique Wahyuni-Td, Ika Sari |
| author_sort | Aziz, Aisha |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Purpose: Drawing on social exchange theory and social identity theory, this paper aims to examine the impact of spiritual leadership on unethical pro-organisational behaviour (UPB) facilitated by high-tech devices in workplace environments. This investigation examined various contributing factors, including workplace spirituality and incivility, while also exploring the moderating role of employees’ moral courage.
Design/methodology/approach: To achieve this objective, data were collected from 400 employees in Pakistan’s hospitality and tourism industry using a purposive sampling method. The data were gathered through the administration of structured questionnaires. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data.
Findings: The findings indicated that perceived spiritual leadership plays a role in preventing hospitality employees from engaging in unethical practices in a work environment. While spiritual leadership enhances spirituality and reduces incivility in the hospitality sector, workplace incivility acts as a mediator in the relationship between spiritual leadership and UPB. Moreover, spiritual leadership enhances workplace spirituality, thereby mitigating the occurrence of workplace burnout. In addition, the results suggest that moral courage reduces UPB among hospitality employees by fostering workplace spirituality and reducing workplace incivility.
Practical implications: Due to the morally challenging environments they navigate, employees in the tourism and hospitality sectors frequently encounter significant ethical dilemmas. Often, employees use high-tech devices to report unethical behaviour to their employers, a scenario that constitutes UPB.
Originality/value: Spiritual leadership is adopted to address workplace incivility and unethical behaviour. Similarly, moral courage helps recognise employees as more accountable individuals by reducing their UPB. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T04:00:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-45423 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T04:00:20Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Emerald Publishing |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-454232025-08-19T07:36:37Z https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45423/ Spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in Pakistan’s hospitality industry Aziz, Aisha Akram, Kashif Fernando, Yudi Ur Rehman, Shafique Wahyuni-Td, Ika Sari HD28 Management. Industrial Management HF Commerce Purpose: Drawing on social exchange theory and social identity theory, this paper aims to examine the impact of spiritual leadership on unethical pro-organisational behaviour (UPB) facilitated by high-tech devices in workplace environments. This investigation examined various contributing factors, including workplace spirituality and incivility, while also exploring the moderating role of employees’ moral courage. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve this objective, data were collected from 400 employees in Pakistan’s hospitality and tourism industry using a purposive sampling method. The data were gathered through the administration of structured questionnaires. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data. Findings: The findings indicated that perceived spiritual leadership plays a role in preventing hospitality employees from engaging in unethical practices in a work environment. While spiritual leadership enhances spirituality and reduces incivility in the hospitality sector, workplace incivility acts as a mediator in the relationship between spiritual leadership and UPB. Moreover, spiritual leadership enhances workplace spirituality, thereby mitigating the occurrence of workplace burnout. In addition, the results suggest that moral courage reduces UPB among hospitality employees by fostering workplace spirituality and reducing workplace incivility. Practical implications: Due to the morally challenging environments they navigate, employees in the tourism and hospitality sectors frequently encounter significant ethical dilemmas. Often, employees use high-tech devices to report unethical behaviour to their employers, a scenario that constitutes UPB. Originality/value: Spiritual leadership is adopted to address workplace incivility and unethical behaviour. Similarly, moral courage helps recognise employees as more accountable individuals by reducing their UPB. Emerald Publishing 2025-07-24 Article PeerReviewed pdf en https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45423/1/ijoes-10-2024-0339en.pdf Aziz, Aisha and Akram, Kashif and Fernando, Yudi and Ur Rehman, Shafique and Wahyuni-Td, Ika Sari (2025) Spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in Pakistan’s hospitality industry. International Journal of Ethics and Systems. pp. 1-30. ISSN 2514-9369. (In Press / Online First) (In Press / Online First) https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-10-2024-0339 https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-10-2024-0339 https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-10-2024-0339 |
| spellingShingle | HD28 Management. Industrial Management HF Commerce Aziz, Aisha Akram, Kashif Fernando, Yudi Ur Rehman, Shafique Wahyuni-Td, Ika Sari Spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in Pakistan’s hospitality industry |
| title | Spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in Pakistan’s hospitality industry |
| title_full | Spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in Pakistan’s hospitality industry |
| title_fullStr | Spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in Pakistan’s hospitality industry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in Pakistan’s hospitality industry |
| title_short | Spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in Pakistan’s hospitality industry |
| title_sort | spiritual leadership and unethical pro-organisational behaviour in pakistan’s hospitality industry |
| topic | HD28 Management. Industrial Management HF Commerce |
| url | https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45423/ https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45423/ https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45423/ |