| Summary: | The importance of Environmental Management Plans (EMPs) in promoting sustainable construction practices cannot be overstated. These plans are crucial in minimising the environmental impact of construction activities and ensuring long-term environmental sustainability. In Malaysia, the construction sector has been facing the varying impacts of residential building construction on the ecosystem, natural resources, and the public, accounting for 67.5%, 21%, and 11.5%, respectively. Given the prevalence of construction projects in densely populated areas, residents living near these sites are particularly vulnerable to potential adverse effects, especially from earthwork and excavation activities.
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