Compressive strain of la induced in ZnO nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) doped with lanthanum (La) were synthesized via a low-temperature 90 °C hydrothermal method to investigate defect passivation and charge transport enhancement. Structural and spectroscopic characterization reveals that La3+ preferentially adsorbs at ZnO surfaces and gr...

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Main Authors: Nurul Aliyah, Zainal Abidin, Faiz, Arith, Ahmad Syahiman, Mohd Shah, Sami, Ramadan, Ahmad Nizamuddin, Muhammad Mustafa, Nur Ezyanie, Safie, Mohd Asyadi, Azam, Marzaini, Rashid, Chelvanathan, Puvaneswaran
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Chemical Society 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45119/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45119/1/Compressive%20strain%20of%20la%20induced%20in%20ZnO%20nanorods%20by%20interstitial%20site.pdf
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author Nurul Aliyah, Zainal Abidin
Faiz, Arith
Ahmad Syahiman, Mohd Shah
Sami, Ramadan
Ahmad Nizamuddin, Muhammad Mustafa
Nur Ezyanie, Safie
Mohd Asyadi, Azam
Marzaini, Rashid
Chelvanathan, Puvaneswaran
author_facet Nurul Aliyah, Zainal Abidin
Faiz, Arith
Ahmad Syahiman, Mohd Shah
Sami, Ramadan
Ahmad Nizamuddin, Muhammad Mustafa
Nur Ezyanie, Safie
Mohd Asyadi, Azam
Marzaini, Rashid
Chelvanathan, Puvaneswaran
author_sort Nurul Aliyah, Zainal Abidin
building UMP Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) doped with lanthanum (La) were synthesized via a low-temperature 90 °C hydrothermal method to investigate defect passivation and charge transport enhancement. Structural and spectroscopic characterization reveals that La3+ preferentially adsorbs at ZnO surfaces and grain boundaries, inducing compressive strain that suppresses defect formation without lattice substitution. Morphological studies demonstrate improved surface uniformity in La-doped NRs, while Raman spectroscopy shows reduced defect-related modes at 1 mol % La doping. XPS analysis confirms interfacial La3+ localization through characteristic 3.5 eV satellite features and minimal binding energy shifts of merely 0.2 eV. The optimal 1 mol % La-doped ZnO exhibits a conductivity of 5.46 S/m at 3.25 eV bandgap with a 4.6% improvement over high-temperature (>300 °C) synthesized La-ZnO references. While pristine ZnO shows higher absolute conductivity, these results demonstrate that low-temperature hydrothermal processing can achieve comparable electronic property enhancement to conventional high-temperature methods. This work provides fundamental insights into interfacial doping strategies for ZnO-based materials, with potential implications for optoelectronic applications.
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institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
institution_category Local University
language English
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publisher American Chemical Society
recordtype eprints
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spelling ump-451192025-07-18T07:50:03Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45119/ Compressive strain of la induced in ZnO nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism Nurul Aliyah, Zainal Abidin Faiz, Arith Ahmad Syahiman, Mohd Shah Sami, Ramadan Ahmad Nizamuddin, Muhammad Mustafa Nur Ezyanie, Safie Mohd Asyadi, Azam Marzaini, Rashid Chelvanathan, Puvaneswaran QC Physics TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) doped with lanthanum (La) were synthesized via a low-temperature 90 °C hydrothermal method to investigate defect passivation and charge transport enhancement. Structural and spectroscopic characterization reveals that La3+ preferentially adsorbs at ZnO surfaces and grain boundaries, inducing compressive strain that suppresses defect formation without lattice substitution. Morphological studies demonstrate improved surface uniformity in La-doped NRs, while Raman spectroscopy shows reduced defect-related modes at 1 mol % La doping. XPS analysis confirms interfacial La3+ localization through characteristic 3.5 eV satellite features and minimal binding energy shifts of merely 0.2 eV. The optimal 1 mol % La-doped ZnO exhibits a conductivity of 5.46 S/m at 3.25 eV bandgap with a 4.6% improvement over high-temperature (>300 °C) synthesized La-ZnO references. While pristine ZnO shows higher absolute conductivity, these results demonstrate that low-temperature hydrothermal processing can achieve comparable electronic property enhancement to conventional high-temperature methods. This work provides fundamental insights into interfacial doping strategies for ZnO-based materials, with potential implications for optoelectronic applications. American Chemical Society 2025 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45119/1/Compressive%20strain%20of%20la%20induced%20in%20ZnO%20nanorods%20by%20interstitial%20site.pdf Nurul Aliyah, Zainal Abidin and Faiz, Arith and Ahmad Syahiman, Mohd Shah and Sami, Ramadan and Ahmad Nizamuddin, Muhammad Mustafa and Nur Ezyanie, Safie and Mohd Asyadi, Azam and Marzaini, Rashid and Chelvanathan, Puvaneswaran (2025) Compressive strain of la induced in ZnO nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism. Crystal Growth and Design, 25 (12). pp. 4126-4139. ISSN 1528-7483. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.4c01359 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.4c01359
spellingShingle QC Physics
TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Nurul Aliyah, Zainal Abidin
Faiz, Arith
Ahmad Syahiman, Mohd Shah
Sami, Ramadan
Ahmad Nizamuddin, Muhammad Mustafa
Nur Ezyanie, Safie
Mohd Asyadi, Azam
Marzaini, Rashid
Chelvanathan, Puvaneswaran
Compressive strain of la induced in ZnO nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism
title Compressive strain of la induced in ZnO nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism
title_full Compressive strain of la induced in ZnO nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism
title_fullStr Compressive strain of la induced in ZnO nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism
title_full_unstemmed Compressive strain of la induced in ZnO nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism
title_short Compressive strain of la induced in ZnO nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism
title_sort compressive strain of la induced in zno nanorods by interstitial site passivation for enhanced charge carrier transport mechanism
topic QC Physics
TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45119/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45119/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45119/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45119/1/Compressive%20strain%20of%20la%20induced%20in%20ZnO%20nanorods%20by%20interstitial%20site.pdf