Eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: Fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity

Background: Eugenol, an important active ingredient in essential oils, effectively inhibits food-borne pathogens but is hindered by its high volatility. Pickering emulsion provides a suitable method to encapsulate, protect and enhance the absorption of these biologically active food components. This...

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Main Authors: Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid, Muhammad Ashraf, Fauzi, Azilah, Ajit, Mohd Hafiz, Arzmi, Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Society of Chemical Industry 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45112/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45112/1/Eugenol%20Pickering%20emulsion%20stabilized%20by%20chitosan%20self-assembled%20nanoparticles.pdf
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author Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid
Muhammad Ashraf, Fauzi
Azilah, Ajit
Mohd Hafiz, Arzmi
Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman
author_facet Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid
Muhammad Ashraf, Fauzi
Azilah, Ajit
Mohd Hafiz, Arzmi
Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman
author_sort Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid
building UMP Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Background: Eugenol, an important active ingredient in essential oils, effectively inhibits food-borne pathogens but is hindered by its high volatility. Pickering emulsion provides a suitable method to encapsulate, protect and enhance the absorption of these biologically active food components. This study investigated the encapsulation of different concentrations of eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized with self-assembled chitosan nanoparticles by ultrasound-assisted emulsification. The effects of varying eugenol concentrations on Pickering emulsions' physical, stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were analyzed. Results: The integration of eugenol at different concentrations increased the droplet size of Pickering emulsion, and the value ranged from 20 to 142 nm during a 60-day storage. Eugenol (5%) significantly improved the antioxidant activity of the Pickering emulsion with a DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) value of 78%. In addition, eugenol effectively increased the antimicrobial activity of the Pickering emulsion against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) with inhibition zones of 14.1 and 17 mm, respectively. The stability of the Pickering emulsion increased with the increase in eugenol concentration throughout the storage period. Conclusion: Pickering emulsions stabilized with self-assembled chitosan nanoparticles effectively enhanced the stability, antioxidant, and antimicrobial performance of eugenol. These results highlight the potential of such systems as natural and efficient delivery platforms for food and pharmaceutical applications.
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spelling ump-451122025-07-18T03:49:06Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45112/ Eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: Fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid Muhammad Ashraf, Fauzi Azilah, Ajit Mohd Hafiz, Arzmi Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman TP Chemical technology Background: Eugenol, an important active ingredient in essential oils, effectively inhibits food-borne pathogens but is hindered by its high volatility. Pickering emulsion provides a suitable method to encapsulate, protect and enhance the absorption of these biologically active food components. This study investigated the encapsulation of different concentrations of eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized with self-assembled chitosan nanoparticles by ultrasound-assisted emulsification. The effects of varying eugenol concentrations on Pickering emulsions' physical, stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were analyzed. Results: The integration of eugenol at different concentrations increased the droplet size of Pickering emulsion, and the value ranged from 20 to 142 nm during a 60-day storage. Eugenol (5%) significantly improved the antioxidant activity of the Pickering emulsion with a DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) value of 78%. In addition, eugenol effectively increased the antimicrobial activity of the Pickering emulsion against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) with inhibition zones of 14.1 and 17 mm, respectively. The stability of the Pickering emulsion increased with the increase in eugenol concentration throughout the storage period. Conclusion: Pickering emulsions stabilized with self-assembled chitosan nanoparticles effectively enhanced the stability, antioxidant, and antimicrobial performance of eugenol. These results highlight the potential of such systems as natural and efficient delivery platforms for food and pharmaceutical applications. Society of Chemical Industry 2025-05-31 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45112/1/Eugenol%20Pickering%20emulsion%20stabilized%20by%20chitosan%20self-assembled%20nanoparticles.pdf Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid and Muhammad Ashraf, Fauzi and Azilah, Ajit and Mohd Hafiz, Arzmi and Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman (2025) Eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: Fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. pp. 1-9. ISSN 1097-4660. (In Press / Online First) (In Press / Online First) https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.7905 https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.7905
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid
Muhammad Ashraf, Fauzi
Azilah, Ajit
Mohd Hafiz, Arzmi
Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman
Eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: Fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
title Eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: Fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
title_full Eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: Fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
title_fullStr Eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: Fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
title_full_unstemmed Eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: Fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
title_short Eugenol Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: Fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
title_sort eugenol pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan self-assembled nanoparticles: fabrication, emulsion stability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
topic TP Chemical technology
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45112/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45112/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45112/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45112/1/Eugenol%20Pickering%20emulsion%20stabilized%20by%20chitosan%20self-assembled%20nanoparticles.pdf