Startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system

This study proposes a novel hybrid battery thermal management system (BTMS) combining an oscillating heat pipe (OHP) and liquid cooling plate to improve heat dissipation and temperature uniformity in battery packs. The key innovation is the use of a ⊥-shaped OHP with vertically aligned evaporator an...

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Main Authors: Lu, Hongkun, Muhamad, Mat Noor, Kadirgama, Kumaran, Beg, M. S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Ltd 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44304/
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author Lu, Hongkun
Muhamad, Mat Noor
Kadirgama, Kumaran
Beg, M. S.
author_facet Lu, Hongkun
Muhamad, Mat Noor
Kadirgama, Kumaran
Beg, M. S.
author_sort Lu, Hongkun
building UMP Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description This study proposes a novel hybrid battery thermal management system (BTMS) combining an oscillating heat pipe (OHP) and liquid cooling plate to improve heat dissipation and temperature uniformity in battery packs. The key innovation is the use of a ⊥-shaped OHP with vertically aligned evaporator and condenser sections, offering dual heat transfer pathways. Experimental investigations were conducted to evaluate the startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of the ⊥-shaped OHP and its performance within the hybrid BTMS. Results showed that the ⊥-shaped OHP is more sensitive to the filling ratio than conventional OHP, with an optimal filling ratio of 26.1 % enabling reliable startup at low heat loads. At high heat loads, frequent transitions between slug and annular flows in the ⊥-shaped OHP enhanced heat transfer. Reducing coolant flow improved the startup performance of ⊥-shaped OHP under low heat loads, while increased flow rates had limited impact on heat transfer capability. Lower coolant temperatures decreased the startup temperature, and higher temperatures during stable operation reduced thermal resistance. Under a heat load of 280 W, the hybrid BTMS reduced the battery pack’s average surface temperature by 2.6 ◦C and the maximum temperature difference by 21.7 %, outperforming conventional liquid cooling systems. These findings suggest the hybrid BTMS is highly effective for high-load applications, offering improved temperature control and system stability
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institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
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language English
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publisher Elsevier Ltd
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spelling ump-443042025-09-22T00:58:36Z https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44304/ Startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system Lu, Hongkun Muhamad, Mat Noor Kadirgama, Kumaran Beg, M. S. TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering This study proposes a novel hybrid battery thermal management system (BTMS) combining an oscillating heat pipe (OHP) and liquid cooling plate to improve heat dissipation and temperature uniformity in battery packs. The key innovation is the use of a ⊥-shaped OHP with vertically aligned evaporator and condenser sections, offering dual heat transfer pathways. Experimental investigations were conducted to evaluate the startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of the ⊥-shaped OHP and its performance within the hybrid BTMS. Results showed that the ⊥-shaped OHP is more sensitive to the filling ratio than conventional OHP, with an optimal filling ratio of 26.1 % enabling reliable startup at low heat loads. At high heat loads, frequent transitions between slug and annular flows in the ⊥-shaped OHP enhanced heat transfer. Reducing coolant flow improved the startup performance of ⊥-shaped OHP under low heat loads, while increased flow rates had limited impact on heat transfer capability. Lower coolant temperatures decreased the startup temperature, and higher temperatures during stable operation reduced thermal resistance. Under a heat load of 280 W, the hybrid BTMS reduced the battery pack’s average surface temperature by 2.6 ◦C and the maximum temperature difference by 21.7 %, outperforming conventional liquid cooling systems. These findings suggest the hybrid BTMS is highly effective for high-load applications, offering improved temperature control and system stability Elsevier Ltd 2025 Article PeerReviewed pdf en https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44304/1/Startup%2C%20heat%20transfer%2C%20and%20flow%20characteristics%20of%20a%20%E2%8A%A5-shaped%20oscillating.pdf Lu, Hongkun and Muhamad, Mat Noor and Kadirgama, Kumaran and Beg, M. S. (2025) Startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system. Applied Thermal Engineering, 269 (Part A). pp. 1-18. ISSN 1359-4311. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.125984 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.125984 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.125984
spellingShingle TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Lu, Hongkun
Muhamad, Mat Noor
Kadirgama, Kumaran
Beg, M. S.
Startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system
title Startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system
title_full Startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system
title_fullStr Startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system
title_full_unstemmed Startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system
title_short Startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system
title_sort startup, heat transfer, and flow characteristics of a ⊥-shaped oscillating heat pipe for application in a hybrid battery thermal management system
topic TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
url https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44304/
https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44304/
https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44304/